What was the role of the Military Orders in Outremer, 1119-1149? Flashcards
What led to the popularity of military orders in the Latin West?
The military orders rapidly became very popular in the Latin West, leading to a flood of donations from prominent nobles.
Who were the military orders appealing to?
The military orders appealed to knights and barons, the landed class.
What did individuals often donate when joining military orders?
Individuals frequently donated land to the orders, which became a permanent part of their resources.
How did military orders generate profit?
The military orders used their lands in the Latin West to grow crops and sell them for profit, supporting their work in Outremer.
What role did military orders play in Outremer?
They created new Frankish villages in Outremer to exploit natural resources.
How did military orders support crusaders financially?
Military orders increasingly lent money to crusaders, with Louis VII famously relying on the Templars during the Second Crusade.
What was the religious need that led to the emergence of military orders?
Both orders emerged from the need to protect and treat sick pilgrims in Outremer.
What was the founding purpose of the Templars?
The Templars were founded as a religious order with a military role, providing a religiously accepted outlet for pious knights.
Who founded the Templars and when?
Hugh of Payns and a small group of knights dedicated themselves to protecting Christian pilgrims in 1119.
What was the initial focus of the Templars’ protection?
Initially, the Templars patrolled and protected the road from Jaffa to Jerusalem, later extending to routes between Jerusalem and the River Jordan.
What is the origin of the Hospitallers?
The Hospitallers predate the crusades and were reorganized in 1113, running the Hospital of St John in Jerusalem.
What was the policy of the Hospital run by the Hospitallers?
All sick were admitted to the Hospital, except lepers, regardless of origin, sex, or status.
How many knights were initially in the Templars?
The Templars were initially very small, allegedly consisting of only nine knights.
What was the first major campaign the Templars were involved in?
The first major campaign was the unsuccessful Damascus Crusade of 1129.
What castle did the Templars gain control of in 1136?
The Templars gained control of Baghras Castle to protect the Principality of Antioch.
What castle was granted to the Hospitallers in 1136?
The Hospitallers were granted Bethgibelin Castle near Egypt by Fulk of Jerusalem.
What happened to the Templars in the eastern County of Tripoli in 1137?
The Templars were involved in the failed defense of the eastern County of Tripoli.
What defeat did the Templars face in 1139?
The Templars were defeated by a Muslim force at a skirmish near Hebron.
What territories were granted to the Hospitallers between 1142 and 1144?
The Hospitallers were granted Krak des Chavalier and a large amount of the eastern frontier of the County of Tripoli.
Who accompanied Louis VII’s crusade in 1147?
Everard des Barres, Templar master in France, accompanied Louis VII’s crusade and later became Grand Master of the Templars.
What siege did the Templars participate in during the Second Crusade?
The Templars participated in the siege of Damascus in 1148.
What happened after the death of Raymond of Antioch in June 1149?
A large Templar contingent joined Baldwin III’s force that forced Nureddin to withdraw.
What castle were the Templars granted in 1149?
The Templars were granted Gaza castle in 1149.
