Leaders of Outremer, c.1100-1131

Question 1

Baldwin I: What significant action did Baldwin I of Edessa take in 1097?

Answer 1

Baldwin I of Edessa married Arda, an Armenian princess, to gain local support.

Question 2

Baldwin I: How did Baldwin I address the population issue in Jerusalem after 1099?

Answer 2

Baldwin I invited Syrian Christians to live in Jerusalem to replenish the population.

Question 3

Baldwin I: What military achievements did Baldwin I accomplish in 1101?

Answer 3

Baldwin I captured Arsuf and Caesarea with the support of a Genoese fleet.

Question 4

Baldwin I: What was the outcome of the First Battle of Ramlah in September 1101?

Answer 4

Baldwin I defeated the Fatimids at the First Battle of Ramlah.

Question 5

Baldwin I: What city did Baldwin I capture in 1104?

Answer 5

Baldwin I captured the city of Acre with the aid of another Genoese fleet.

Question 6

Baldwin I: What was Baldwin I’s achievement in 1105?

Answer 6

Baldwin I defeated the Fatimids at the Third Battle of Ramlah and built the castle of Toron.

Question 7

Baldwin I: What role did Baldwin I play in the council outside Tripoli in 1109?

Answer 7

Baldwin I acted as arbitrator of a council of the greatest barons, forcing Tancred to give up his claim to the city.

Question 8

Baldwin I: What cities did Baldwin I add to the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1110?

Answer 8

Baldwin I added Beirut and captured Sidon with the aid of both the Venetians and the king of Norway.

Question 9

Baldwin I: What assistance did Baldwin I provide in 1111?

Answer 9

Baldwin I assisted Tancred in besieging Shaizar.

Question 10

Baldwin I: What was Baldwin I’s involvement with Edessa during a siege?

Answer 10

Baldwin I supported Edessa when it was under siege by Mawdud of Mosul.

Question 11

Baldwin I: What did Baldwin I build in Oultrejordain in 1115?

Answer 11

Baldwin I built a castle at Montreal.

Question 12

Baldwin I: What castle did Baldwin I construct near Tyre in 1117?

Answer 12

Baldwin I built the castle of Scandalion near Tyre.

Question 13

Baldwin I: What was Baldwin I’s defeat in May 1102?

Answer 13

Baldwin I was defeated by Fatimids at the Second Battle of Ramlah.

Question 14

Baldwin I: What setback did Baldwin I face in 1103?

Answer 14

Baldwin I failed to capture Acre in 1103.

Question 15

Baldwin I: What was the outcome of Baldwin I’s siege of Tyre in 1112?

Answer 15

Baldwin I besieged Tyre with no success.

Question 16

Baldwin I: What happened to Baldwin I’s army in 1113?

Answer 16

A Frankish army led by Baldwin I was defeated at the battle of Al-Sannabra.

Question 17

Baldwin I: What controversy surrounded Baldwin I’s marriage decisions?

Answer 17

Baldwin I forced his wife Arda into a convent and sought a new marriage with Adelaide, leading to accusations of bigamy.

Question 18

Baldwin I: What was the outcome of Baldwin I’s reign regarding succession?

Answer 18

Baldwin I died without a clear succession.

Question 19

Baldwin II: What significant action did Baldwin II take in 1101?

Answer 19

Baldwin II married Morphia, daughter of the powerful Armenian prince, Gabriel of Melitene.

Question 20

Baldwin II: What military success did Baldwin II achieve in 1118?

Answer 20

Baldwin II forced an invading Seljuk Turk army to back down without a battle.

Question 21

Baldwin II: How did Baldwin II respond to Antioch’s needs in 1119?

Answer 21

Baldwin II helped Antioch recover and drove out the Seljuk Turks.

Question 22

Baldwin II: What legal system did Baldwin II establish after the 1120 Council of Nablus?

Answer 22

Baldwin II established the legal system of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Question 23

Baldwin II: Who did Baldwin II name as his heir in 1129?

Answer 23

Baldwin II named his eldest daughter Melisende as his heir.

Question 24

Baldwin II: What military achievement did Baldwin II’s forces accomplish in 1124?

Answer 24

Baldwin II’s forces captured Tyre with the aid of the Venetians.

Question 25

Baldwin II: What happened to Baldwin II at Harran in 1104?

Answer 25

Baldwin II was captured at Harran.

Question 26

Baldwin II: What was Baldwin II’s fate in 1123?

Answer 26

Baldwin II was taken captive while attempting to help Joscelin I of Edessa.

Question 27

Tancred (as regent): What cities did Tancred capture from the Byzantine Empire?

Answer 27

Tancred captured Tarsus, Adana, Mamistra, and Latakia.

Question 28

Tancred (as regent): What major victory did Tancred achieve in 1105?

Answer 28

Tancred defeated the Turks at Artah.

Question 29

Tancred (as regent): What setback did Tancred face in 1104?

Answer 29

Tancred was defeated at the battle of Harran but avoided capture.

Question 30

Roger of Salerno (as regent): What was Roger of Salerno’s achievement in 1113?

Answer 30

Roger of Salerno defeated a Seljuk attack.

Question 31

Roger of Salerno (as regent): What was Roger of Salerno’s fate in 1119?

Answer 31

Roger of Salerno was defeated and killed at the Battle of the Field of Blood.

Question 32

Bohemond II: What significant action did Bohemond II take in 1126?

Answer 32

Bohemond II married Alice, second daughter of Baldwin II.

Question 33

Raymond of Tripoli: What was Raymond I of Tripoli’s achievement in 1102?

Answer 33

Raymond I of Tripoli captured Tortosa.

Question 34

Raymond of Tripoli: What castle did Raymond I build in 1103?

Answer 34

Raymond built a castle called ‘Mount Pilgrim’ adjacent to Tripoli.

Question 35

Bertrand (Count of Tripoli): What was Bertrand’s role after the capture of Tripoli in 1109?

Answer 35

Bertrand took control of Tripoli and ruled until his death in 1112.

Question 36

Pons (Count of Tripoli): What was Pons’ significant action in 1112?

Answer 36

Pons married Cecile of France to maintain connections with the Latin West.

Question 37

Joscelin I (Count of Edessa): What was Joscelin I’s marriage connection to Armenia?

Answer 37

Joscelin married Beatrice, daughter of Constantine I of Armenia.