Weight Loss Flashcards
How much of reduced calorie deficit does there need to be in order to reduce weight
500 to 750kcal daily deficit
How much physical activity should an individual engage on a weekly basis
150 minutes per week with 2 to 3 days dedicated to strength training
When would prescription drugs be appropriate for someone who is trying to lose weight
If their BMI is greater than 30 or their BMI is greater than 27 WITH ONE WEIGHT RELATED CONDITION
T/F: Weight loss medications should only be used adjunctive to diet and exercise lifestyle changes
True
What are the “long term” weight loss drugs
Phentermine AND Topiramate (Qysmia), Naltrexone AND Bupropion (Contrave), Liraglutide (Saxenda or Victoza), Orlistat (Xenical or Alli-OTC)
What is in Qysmia
Phentermine AND Topiramate
What are the contraindications to Qysmia (Phentermine/Topiramate)
Pregnancy, Hyperthyroidism, glaucoma and MAO inhibitor use within the past 14 days
What are the most common side effects of Qysmia
Insomnia, tingling in extremities (paresthesia), tachycardia
Why is Qysmia use associated with REMS, how is it applied
Use is associated with teratogenic risks, pregnancy test needed fefore treatment and monthly thereafter along with effective contraception during treatment
What is an important note about Qysmia (Phentermine/Topiramate)
Medication should be tapered due to seizure risk associated with topiramate use
What is in Contrave
Naltrexone AND Bupropion
What is the BBW for Contrave (Naltrexone and Bupropion)
Not approved for treating MDD or psychiatric disorders, increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children adolescents and adults younger than 24, not approved for use in pediatric patients
What are the contraindications for Contrave (Naltrexone and Bupropion)
Pregnancy, opiod use or opiod use withdrawal, uncontrolled hypertension, seizure disorder, use of other bupropion products, bulimia and/or anorexia, abrupt discontinuation of alcohol benzos barbituates and antiepileptic drugs
What are the side effects of Contrave
N/V, headache, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia
What is the important thing to note about Contrave (Naltrexone AND Bupropion)
Discontinue opiods or buprenorphine 7 to 14 days prior to use, Naltrexone blocks opiods
What is BBW for Saxenda and Victoza
Risk of thyroid C-cell carcinomas in animal studies, risk to humans unknown
What are the contraindications to Saxenda and Victoza
Pregnancy, personal or family history or medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or patients with Multiple Endrocrine Neoplasia syndrome Type 2 (MEN 2)
What should patients be warned to be aware of when taking Saxena and Victoza
Pancreatitis, jypoglycemia, acute gallbladder disease, and gastroparesis (slows gastric empyting)
What are the side effects associated with Liraglutide (Saxenda and Victoza)
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, dizziness
What are the contraindications to using Orlistat
Pregnancy, cholestasis and chronic malabsorption
What are the side effects of Orlistat (Xenicall and Alli)
FLATULENCE WITH DISCHARGE, FATTY STOOL, fecal urgency
What is to note about using Orlistat and vitamins
Take multivitamines with A, D, E, and K at bedtime or separated by greater than 2 hours
When should orlistat be taken
With every meal containing fat OR 1 hour after eating
What are the older stimulant drugs that are used for “short-term” use and jumpstart a diet, what is their control status for each
Phentermine (Adipex-P)- CIV, Diethylpropion- CIV, Phendimetrazine- CIII, Benzphetamine- CIII
What are the contraindications for “short term” wieght loss drugs
Cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, pregnancy, drug abuse
What are the adverse effects of the “short term” weight loss drugs
Tachycardia, agitation, and increase blood pressure
T/F: All weight loss drugs should be DISCONTINUED if they do not produce at 10% weight loss at 24 weeks
False: All weight loss drugs should be DISCONTINUED if they do not produce 5% weight loss at 12 weeks
T/F: Orlistat (Xenical and Alli) should be taken with a strict dietary plan with a max of 30% of kcals from fat
True
