Biostatistics Pt. 1 Flashcards
T/F: Continuous data is provided by some type of measurement which has unlimited options (theoretically) of continuous values
True
T/F: Discrete (categorical) data is data that fits into a limited number of categories
True
What method is best used to analyze continuous data with normal distribution for 2 groups
Student-T test
What method is best used to analyze continuous data
with normal distribution for 3 groups
ANOVA
What method is best used to analyze continuous data with normal distribution for 1 group
One sample t-test
What method is best for analyzing one group of discrete/categorical data
Chi-square test
What methods are best for analyzing one group of discrete/categorical data
Chi-square test OR Fisher’s exact
T/F: When looking at the decimal point in front of the confidence interval it tells you how likely something is going to happen as compared to placebo
True
What does intention-to-treat analysis mean
All patients who were randomized to a treatment group are analyzed
What is the best analysis for two drugs or interventions that are equivalent and you are trying to see which cost less
A cost-minimization analysis
What is a cohort study
Studies that follow patients who exposure to an event and are tracked to see if a particular outcome occurs
T/F: What ever the alpha is determines the percentage risk of type 1 error
True
What is a cohort study
An observational study that compares outcomes to a group of patients exposed to a treatment compared to a group of patients not exposed to a treatment
T/F: A percentage for sensitivity tells how often a true positive occurs while a percentage of specificity tells how often a true negative occurs
True
What does relative risk reduction measure
Measures how less likely an event is in the treatment group relative to the control group
T/F: Nominal data is a type of discrete data
True
T/F: Cohort studies can retrospective or prospective
True
T/F: Statistical significance is determined by the alpha
True
What is the main factor needed for a cost-utility analysis
Needs a quality of life component, generally as QALY and CUA
Put the type of studies from most reliable to least reliable
Meta analysis, randomized control trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, case series
What are two common types of intangible cost
Anxiety and pain
What is an example of indirect cost
Lost work time
How do case control studies work
Start with a patients who have the disease and looks back retrospectively for exposure
T/F: Type-1 error and Type-2 error can never fully be eliminated but they can be reduced
True
What is the defintion of type-2 error
The null hypothesis is accepted in error
