Week 8 - Nervous System Anatomy - incomplete

Question 1

Approximate weight of the brain

Answer 1

1.5kg

Question 2

what does the central nervous system comprise of

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

what does the peripheral spinal cord consist of

Answer 3

cranial nerves (12 pairs)

spinal nerves (31 pairs)

Question 4

where do cranial nerves come off

Answer 4

the brain and brainstem

Question 5

What is the name for signals coming from cells of the body that are not germline cells

Answer 5

somatic afferent

Question 6

what is the name for signals coming from internal organs and main cavities of the body

Answer 6

visceral afferents

Question 7

what is the name for signals that are passed on to skeletal muscles

Answer 7

somatic efferents

Question 8

what is the name for signals that are passed on to smooth muscle, glands and cardiac muscles

Answer 8

visceral efferents

Question 9

which nerve is composed of two nerve fibres connected by a synapse

Answer 9

visceral efferents

Question 10

autonomic nervous system is associated with which category of signal

Answer 10

visceral afferents and visceral efferents

Question 11

what is the name of the groove which separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Answer 11

longitudinal fissure

Question 12

where are white and grey layers found

Answer 12

grey on outside

white on inside

Question 13

what makes up the bulk of the brain’s mass

Answer 13

cerebrum

Question 14

what are gyri

Answer 14

the folded bits of brain

Question 15

what are sulci

Answer 15

the compressions/folded up bits of brain

Question 16

which process relating to brain development happens during embryological and neonatal development

Answer 16

gyrification

Question 17

Which part of the brain controls movement

Answer 17

cerebellum

Question 18

function of brain stem

Answer 18

controls breathing and heart rate

Relay tract area for motor and sensory systems

Where cranial nerves arise to supply sensory and motor innervation to the face and neck.

Question 19

which 3 structures make up the brainstem

Answer 19

midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

Question 20

what can happen when swelling happens around the brain stem area

Answer 20

cardiac and respiratory problems

Question 21

how many neurone are there roughly

Answer 21

86 billion

Question 22

how many connections per neuron

Answer 22

7,000

Question 23

how many synapses between nerves and other nerves/structures

Answer 23

100-500 trillion!

Question 24

what does the telencephalon encompass

Answer 24

the cerebrum

Question 25

what does the diencephalon encompass

Answer 25

thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 26

what the forebrain encompass

Answer 26

the telencephalon and diencephalon

Question 27

what does the midbrain include

Answer 27

the mesencephalon

Question 28

what functions can the midbrain be associated with

Answer 28

hearing, arousal, motor, vision,

Question 29

another word for hindbrain

Answer 29

rhombencephalon

Question 30

what are the notches called between each section of myelin sheath

Answer 30

node of ravier

Question 31

What is white matter primarily composed of

Answer 31

Myelinated axons

Question 32

What is gray matter primarily composed of

Answer 32

Neurons and supporting cells

Question 33

What is the dorsal root ganglion primarily composed of

Answer 33

Cell bodies of afferent neurons

Question 34

What is a nerve plexus

Answer 34

A collection of nerves that supply specific body regions

Question 35

What does the brachial plexus supply

Answer 35

Motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb

Question 36

Spinal origin of brachial plexus

Answer 36

C5-T1

Question 37

How many spinal nerves are there

Answer 37

31 pairs

Question 38

Which regions of the body do cranial nerves supply

Answer 38

Head and neck structures AND heart, gut, respiratory system

Question 39

Function of meninges

Answer 39

Provide supportive and structural framework for vasculature

Protect the CNS from mechanical damage alongside CSF

Question 40

Which blood vessels supply the brain

Answer 40

l+r vertebral artery and l+r carotid artery

Question 41

Where does cerebral blood drain to

Answer 41

Dural venous sinuses and ultimately jugular veins

Question 42

What vertebral levels does the sympathetic nervous system arise from

Answer 42

T1 - L2

Question 43

What vertebral levels does the parasympathetic nervous system originate from

Answer 43

Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X

S2-4

Question 44

Function of thalamus

Answer 44

Relay centre for fibres passing up to the brain and down to the rest of body