Week 7 (osteology of the mandible) Flashcards
what are the two main parts of the mandible
body and ramus
what is the fibrous joint called in the foetus which joins the body of the mandible
mental symphysis
when does the mental symphysis join
by time of birth (not a true symphysis)
what is the frontal projection on the chin called
mental protuberance
what is the raised part in the middle of the mental protuberance called
mental tubercle
what is the hole around the level of the premolars
mental foramen
what goes through the mental foramen
mental nerve and mental blood vessels
where does the buccinator attach to the mandible
around the oblique line
what is the underside of the mandible called
the base of the mandible
where does the anterior belly of the digastric muscle attach to
digastric fossa
where do you find the digastric fossa
one on each side of the base of the mandible
what attaches to the alveolar part of the mandible
the teeth
what happens to the alveolar part of the mandible when the teether come out
disappears (resorbs)
what implication does loosing your teeth have regarding the mandible after a long period of time
- alveolar part resorbs
- mental foramen can be far up on the body of the mandible
- dentures can press on it and this is painful
what attaches to the mylohyoid line
mylohyoid muscle
what does the mylohyoid muscle act as
a hammock supporting the oral structures, separates tissues in the floor of the mouth from the submandibular region
why is the mylohyoid line of clinical importance regarding a root abscess
if it bursts below the mylohyoid line, the infection goes into the submandibular space
if it bursts above the mylohyoid line, the infection goes into the floor of the mouth
what is the infection called if an abscess gets into the thorax
ludwig’s angina
why is the mylohyoid line of clniical importance for denture making
dentures must stop short of the mylohyoid muscle otherwise speaking and eating will contract it and the denture will lift
why is the oblique line of clinical importance for denture making
dentures must stop short of the oblique line or the buccinator will interfere with the denture
where is the submandibular fossa
just under and towards the back of the mylohyoid line
what sits in the submandibular fossa
the submandibular salivary gland
where is the sublingual fossa
just above and towards the front of the mylohyoid line
what sits in the sublingual fossa
sublingual salivary gland
what is the rough area on the lingual side of the midline called
mental spines/genial tubercles
what attaches to the upper mental spine
genioglossus muscle
what attaches to the lower mental spine
geniohyoid muscle
what does the geniohyoid muscle do
pulls hyoid bone forward when swallowing
where is the mylohyoid groove
just under where the inferior alveolar nerve goes in
what are the surfaces of the ramus called
lateral and medial surfaces
how many borders of the ramus are there
4
what attaches to the coronoid process
temporalis muscle
what goes through the mandibular foramen
inferior alveolar nerve
what is the little tongue of bone called on the ramus
lingula
why is the lingula important clinically
varies in shape and can cause issues when giving IDB if someone has a big lingula as can make you think you’ve hit the correct bit of bone but actually you’ve hit the lingula and IDB doesn’t work as well
what attaches to the inner aspect of the angle of the mandible
medial pterygoid
what is the notch called between the condylar and coronoid process
mandibular notch
what is the little depression in the front of the neck of the mandible/condyle called
pterygoid fovea
what attaches to the pterygoid fovea
inferior head of the lateral pterygoid
what bones can we see from the norma basecellis
- sphenoid bone (lateral and medial pterygoid plates
- nasal septum
- maxillas
- palatine bones
- zygomatic
- occipital
- temporal
what bones make up the bony palate
4 in total:
- right and left palatine processes of the maxilla (2)
- right and left horizontal plates of the palatine bone (2)
what connects the bones of the bony palate
narrow sutures
what goes through the incisive fossa
- nasopalatine nerves
- sphenopalatine artery
what do the nasopalatine nerves supply
- sensation to anterior quarter of hard palate
what goes through the greater palatine foramen
- greater palatine nerve
what does the greater palatine nerve supply
posterior 2/3 of hard palate
why do dentists tend to try and avoid giving anaesthetics here (ie a greater palatine nerve block)
periosteum is very tightly bound to bone here, very uncomfortable for patient
what does the greater palatine artery supply
blood to anterior part of nasal cavity and nasaal septum
what is the curved edge of the palatine bone called
posterior nasal spine
what is the little crest along the posterior nasal spine called
palatine crest
what attaches to the palatine crest/posterior nasal spine
palatal aponeurosis
where are the lesser palatine formamena
on the aramadal process (just behind the greater palatine foramen)
where do the lesser palatine nerves branch from
the greater palatine nerve
what do the lesser palatine nerves supply
sensation to the soft palate
why would a dentist want to avoid anaestisising the lesser palatine nerves
sensation to the soft palate is important for swallowing
what sits in the groove that runs forward from the aramadal process
greater palatine artery
what is the rounded projection of the most posterior part of the dental arch on the maxilla called
maxillary tuberosity
if the maxillary tuberosity is pulled off during a 3rd molar extraction what would it expose
maxillary sinus
apart from 3rd molar extractions why else is the maxillary tuberosity important
for denture making
what bone is the pterygoid hamulus attached to
lower end of the medial pterygoid
where is the hamular notch and why is it imoportant
low lying area between tuberosity and hamulus
for making dentures
