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BDS3 Head and neck anatomy > Week 7 (osteology of the mandible) > Flashcards

Week 7 (osteology of the mandible) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two main parts of the mandible

A

body and ramus

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2
Q

what is the fibrous joint called in the foetus which joins the body of the mandible

A

mental symphysis

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3
Q

when does the mental symphysis join

A

by time of birth (not a true symphysis)

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4
Q

what is the frontal projection on the chin called

A

mental protuberance

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5
Q

what is the raised part in the middle of the mental protuberance called

A

mental tubercle

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6
Q

what is the hole around the level of the premolars

A

mental foramen

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7
Q

what goes through the mental foramen

A

mental nerve and mental blood vessels

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8
Q

where does the buccinator attach to the mandible

A

around the oblique line

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9
Q

what is the underside of the mandible called

A

the base of the mandible

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10
Q

where does the anterior belly of the digastric muscle attach to

A

digastric fossa

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11
Q

where do you find the digastric fossa

A

one on each side of the base of the mandible

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12
Q

what attaches to the alveolar part of the mandible

A

the teeth

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13
Q

what happens to the alveolar part of the mandible when the teether come out

A

disappears (resorbs)

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14
Q

what implication does loosing your teeth have regarding the mandible after a long period of time

A
  • alveolar part resorbs
  • mental foramen can be far up on the body of the mandible
  • dentures can press on it and this is painful
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15
Q

what attaches to the mylohyoid line

A

mylohyoid muscle

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16
Q

what does the mylohyoid muscle act as

A

a hammock supporting the oral structures, separates tissues in the floor of the mouth from the submandibular region

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17
Q

why is the mylohyoid line of clinical importance regarding a root abscess

A

if it bursts below the mylohyoid line, the infection goes into the submandibular space

if it bursts above the mylohyoid line, the infection goes into the floor of the mouth

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18
Q

what is the infection called if an abscess gets into the thorax

A

ludwig’s angina

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19
Q

why is the mylohyoid line of clniical importance for denture making

A

dentures must stop short of the mylohyoid muscle otherwise speaking and eating will contract it and the denture will lift

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20
Q

why is the oblique line of clinical importance for denture making

A

dentures must stop short of the oblique line or the buccinator will interfere with the denture

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21
Q

where is the submandibular fossa

A

just under and towards the back of the mylohyoid line

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22
Q

what sits in the submandibular fossa

A

the submandibular salivary gland

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23
Q

where is the sublingual fossa

A

just above and towards the front of the mylohyoid line

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24
Q

what sits in the sublingual fossa

A

sublingual salivary gland

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25
Q

what is the rough area on the lingual side of the midline called

A

mental spines/genial tubercles

26
Q

what attaches to the upper mental spine

A

genioglossus muscle

27
Q

what attaches to the lower mental spine

A

geniohyoid muscle

28
Q

what does the geniohyoid muscle do

A

pulls hyoid bone forward when swallowing

29
Q

where is the mylohyoid groove

A

just under where the inferior alveolar nerve goes in

30
Q

what are the surfaces of the ramus called

A

lateral and medial surfaces

31
Q

how many borders of the ramus are there

A

4

32
Q

what attaches to the coronoid process

A

temporalis muscle

33
Q

what goes through the mandibular foramen

A

inferior alveolar nerve

34
Q

what is the little tongue of bone called on the ramus

A

lingula

35
Q

why is the lingula important clinically

A

varies in shape and can cause issues when giving IDB if someone has a big lingula as can make you think you’ve hit the correct bit of bone but actually you’ve hit the lingula and IDB doesn’t work as well

36
Q

what attaches to the inner aspect of the angle of the mandible

A

medial pterygoid

37
Q

what is the notch called between the condylar and coronoid process

A

mandibular notch

38
Q

what is the little depression in the front of the neck of the mandible/condyle called

A

pterygoid fovea

39
Q

what attaches to the pterygoid fovea

A

inferior head of the lateral pterygoid

40
Q

what bones can we see from the norma basecellis

A
  • sphenoid bone (lateral and medial pterygoid plates
  • nasal septum
  • maxillas
  • palatine bones
  • zygomatic
  • occipital
  • temporal
41
Q

what bones make up the bony palate

A

4 in total:

  • right and left palatine processes of the maxilla (2)
  • right and left horizontal plates of the palatine bone (2)
42
Q

what connects the bones of the bony palate

A

narrow sutures

43
Q

what goes through the incisive fossa

A
  • nasopalatine nerves

- sphenopalatine artery

44
Q

what do the nasopalatine nerves supply

A
  • sensation to anterior quarter of hard palate
45
Q

what goes through the greater palatine foramen

A
  • greater palatine nerve
46
Q

what does the greater palatine nerve supply

A

posterior 2/3 of hard palate

47
Q

why do dentists tend to try and avoid giving anaesthetics here (ie a greater palatine nerve block)

A

periosteum is very tightly bound to bone here, very uncomfortable for patient

48
Q

what does the greater palatine artery supply

A

blood to anterior part of nasal cavity and nasaal septum

49
Q

what is the curved edge of the palatine bone called

A

posterior nasal spine

50
Q

what is the little crest along the posterior nasal spine called

A

palatine crest

51
Q

what attaches to the palatine crest/posterior nasal spine

A

palatal aponeurosis

52
Q

where are the lesser palatine formamena

A

on the aramadal process (just behind the greater palatine foramen)

53
Q

where do the lesser palatine nerves branch from

A

the greater palatine nerve

54
Q

what do the lesser palatine nerves supply

A

sensation to the soft palate

55
Q

why would a dentist want to avoid anaestisising the lesser palatine nerves

A

sensation to the soft palate is important for swallowing

56
Q

what sits in the groove that runs forward from the aramadal process

A

greater palatine artery

57
Q

what is the rounded projection of the most posterior part of the dental arch on the maxilla called

A

maxillary tuberosity

58
Q

if the maxillary tuberosity is pulled off during a 3rd molar extraction what would it expose

A

maxillary sinus

59
Q

apart from 3rd molar extractions why else is the maxillary tuberosity important

A

for denture making

60
Q

what bone is the pterygoid hamulus attached to

A

lower end of the medial pterygoid

61
Q

where is the hamular notch and why is it imoportant

A

low lying area between tuberosity and hamulus

for making dentures

BDS3 Head and neck anatomy (19 decks)

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