8 (submandibular region and floor of mouth) Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the submandibular region
below the floor of the mouth and above the hyoid bone
what connects the two bellies of the diagastric muscle
central tendon of digastric
what is the central tendon of digastric held down to
hyoid bone
what holds down the central tendon of digastric
tunnel of fascia which the tendon runs through
what does the anterior belly of digastric attach to
mandible
what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts
depends on what other muscles are contracting
what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the jaw is fixed by other muscles
the hyoid bone moves up
what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the hyoid bone is fixed by other muscles
the jaw opens
what does the posterior belly of digastric attach to
base of the skull, medial to the mastoid process
what muscle runs very close to the posterior belly of digastric
stylohyoid muscle
what does the stylohyoid muscle attach to
styloid process and hyoid bone
how does the tendon of the styloid process relate to the central tendon of the digastric
the tendon of the styloid process splits over the central tendon of digastric
how many parts does the submandibular gland have
2 (superficial and deep)
where is the superficial part of the submandibular gland
submandibular region
where is the deep part of the submandibular gland
floor of the mouth
what does the submandibular gland wrap around
the free edge of the mylohyoid muscle
what is the mylohyoid muscle attached to
- the mylohyoid line on the mandible
- raphe in the midline
- has posterior free edge
What is it called when there is an infection in the floor of the mouth
Vincent’s angina
what is it called when the infection in the floor of the mouth tracks down into the chest
Ludwig’s angina
where are the submandibular lymph nodes
sitting in between the mylohyoid muscle and the mandible
what artery is just behind the hyoid bone
the common carotid artery
where does the common carotid artery bifurcate into internal and external carotid arteries
about the level of the upper body of the thyroid cartilage
what nerve runs towards the floor of the mouth and tongue, and runs lateral to the external carotid artery
hypoglossal nerve
what branches does the external carotid artery give off in the submandibular space
- facial artery
- lingual artery
where does the facial artery come off of the external carotid
just above the posterior belly
describe the appearance of the facial artery
fairly big and twisted vessel
where does the facial artery enter the face
just in front of the masseter muscle
what separates the superficial from the deep parts of the submandibular gland
mylohyoid muscle
what type of salivary gland is the submandibular gland
mixed
which part of the submandibular salivary gland does the submandibular duct come from
the deep part
why might the submandibular duct be a source of pain
-calculi forming in duct which causes pain when eating as saliva can’t get out
describe the sublingual gland
- elongated
- lots of ducts that come out onto the floor of the mouth and onto the end of the submandibular duct
- makes a smooth surface on the inner aspect of the mandible (sublingual fossa)
what type of gland is the sublingual gland
mucous
where does the lingual nerve come from
- infratemporal fossa
what is the lingual nerve a continuation of
the posterior division of the mandibular nerve
on which nerve is the submandibular ganglion
the lingual nerve
what fibres does the lingual nerve contain
- general sensory (to tongue)
- parasympathetic fibres as far as the submandibular ganglion (from the chorda tympani)
- post ganglionic parasympathetic fibres which come out of the ganglion and go to the submandibular salivary gland (secrete saliva)
- parasympathetic fibres which go to the sublingual gland (secrete saliva)
where is the hypoglossal nerve in the floor of the mouth
close to the hyoid bone, underneath the submandibular duct
what muscle attaches to the lower mental spine and the hyoid bone
geniohyoid muscle
what does the geniohyoid muscle do
pulls he hyoid bone forward to create space in the pharynx
where does the lingual artery disappear into the tongue
deep to the hyoglossus muscle
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue
- styloglossus
- hyoglossus
- genioglossus
- palatoglossus
what do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do
change the direction of the tongue
what does the hyoglossus do when it contracts
lowers the tongue
what does the styloglossus do when it contracts
pulls the tongue upwards and backwards
what does the genioglossus do when it contracts
protrudes the tongue
what does the genioglossus attach to
superior mental spine, fibres fan out into the tongue
what does the palatoglossus do when it contracts
pulls the soft palate towards the tongue
what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue
- longitudinal
- vertical
- transverse
what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do
change the shape of the tongue
what do the longitudinal muscles do when they contract
make the tongue short and curl
what do the vertical muscles do when they contract
make the tongue thin and flat
what do the transverse muscles do when they contract
pulls in the sides of the tongue to make it fatter
what tongue muscle is not supplied by the hypoglossal nerve
palatoglossus
what supplies the palatoglossus
the vagus nerve
if a tongue is smooth what might this suggest
patient is anaemic
if tongue is blue what might this suggest
respiratory problem
