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BDS3 Head and neck anatomy > 8 (submandibular region and floor of mouth) > Flashcards

8 (submandibular region and floor of mouth) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the submandibular region

A

below the floor of the mouth and above the hyoid bone

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2
Q

what connects the two bellies of the diagastric muscle

A

central tendon of digastric

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3
Q

what is the central tendon of digastric held down to

A

hyoid bone

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4
Q

what holds down the central tendon of digastric

A

tunnel of fascia which the tendon runs through

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5
Q

what does the anterior belly of digastric attach to

A

mandible

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6
Q

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts

A

depends on what other muscles are contracting

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7
Q

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the jaw is fixed by other muscles

A

the hyoid bone moves up

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8
Q

what happens when the anterior belly of digastric contracts and the hyoid bone is fixed by other muscles

A

the jaw opens

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9
Q

what does the posterior belly of digastric attach to

A

base of the skull, medial to the mastoid process

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10
Q

what muscle runs very close to the posterior belly of digastric

A

stylohyoid muscle

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11
Q

what does the stylohyoid muscle attach to

A

styloid process and hyoid bone

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12
Q

how does the tendon of the styloid process relate to the central tendon of the digastric

A

the tendon of the styloid process splits over the central tendon of digastric

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13
Q

how many parts does the submandibular gland have

A

2 (superficial and deep)

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14
Q

where is the superficial part of the submandibular gland

A

submandibular region

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15
Q

where is the deep part of the submandibular gland

A

floor of the mouth

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16
Q

what does the submandibular gland wrap around

A

the free edge of the mylohyoid muscle

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17
Q

what is the mylohyoid muscle attached to

A
  • the mylohyoid line on the mandible
  • raphe in the midline
  • has posterior free edge
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18
Q

What is it called when there is an infection in the floor of the mouth

A

Vincent’s angina

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19
Q

what is it called when the infection in the floor of the mouth tracks down into the chest

A

Ludwig’s angina

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20
Q

where are the submandibular lymph nodes

A

sitting in between the mylohyoid muscle and the mandible

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21
Q

what artery is just behind the hyoid bone

A

the common carotid artery

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22
Q

where does the common carotid artery bifurcate into internal and external carotid arteries

A

about the level of the upper body of the thyroid cartilage

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23
Q

what nerve runs towards the floor of the mouth and tongue, and runs lateral to the external carotid artery

A

hypoglossal nerve

24
Q

what branches does the external carotid artery give off in the submandibular space

A
  • facial artery

- lingual artery

25
Q

where does the facial artery come off of the external carotid

A

just above the posterior belly

26
Q

describe the appearance of the facial artery

A

fairly big and twisted vessel

27
Q

where does the facial artery enter the face

A

just in front of the masseter muscle

28
Q

what separates the superficial from the deep parts of the submandibular gland

A

mylohyoid muscle

29
Q

what type of salivary gland is the submandibular gland

A

mixed

30
Q

which part of the submandibular salivary gland does the submandibular duct come from

A

the deep part

31
Q

why might the submandibular duct be a source of pain

A

-calculi forming in duct which causes pain when eating as saliva can’t get out

32
Q

describe the sublingual gland

A
  • elongated
  • lots of ducts that come out onto the floor of the mouth and onto the end of the submandibular duct
  • makes a smooth surface on the inner aspect of the mandible (sublingual fossa)
33
Q

what type of gland is the sublingual gland

A

mucous

34
Q

where does the lingual nerve come from

A
  • infratemporal fossa
35
Q

what is the lingual nerve a continuation of

A

the posterior division of the mandibular nerve

36
Q

on which nerve is the submandibular ganglion

A

the lingual nerve

37
Q

what fibres does the lingual nerve contain

A
  • general sensory (to tongue)
  • parasympathetic fibres as far as the submandibular ganglion (from the chorda tympani)
  • post ganglionic parasympathetic fibres which come out of the ganglion and go to the submandibular salivary gland (secrete saliva)
  • parasympathetic fibres which go to the sublingual gland (secrete saliva)
38
Q

where is the hypoglossal nerve in the floor of the mouth

A

close to the hyoid bone, underneath the submandibular duct

39
Q

what muscle attaches to the lower mental spine and the hyoid bone

A

geniohyoid muscle

40
Q

what does the geniohyoid muscle do

A

pulls he hyoid bone forward to create space in the pharynx

41
Q

where does the lingual artery disappear into the tongue

A

deep to the hyoglossus muscle

42
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  • styloglossus
  • hyoglossus
  • genioglossus
  • palatoglossus
43
Q

what do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do

A

change the direction of the tongue

44
Q

what does the hyoglossus do when it contracts

A

lowers the tongue

45
Q

what does the styloglossus do when it contracts

A

pulls the tongue upwards and backwards

46
Q

what does the genioglossus do when it contracts

A

protrudes the tongue

47
Q

what does the genioglossus attach to

A

superior mental spine, fibres fan out into the tongue

48
Q

what does the palatoglossus do when it contracts

A

pulls the soft palate towards the tongue

49
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  • longitudinal
  • vertical
  • transverse
50
Q

what do the intrinsic muscles of the tongue do

A

change the shape of the tongue

51
Q

what do the longitudinal muscles do when they contract

A

make the tongue short and curl

52
Q

what do the vertical muscles do when they contract

A

make the tongue thin and flat

53
Q

what do the transverse muscles do when they contract

A

pulls in the sides of the tongue to make it fatter

54
Q

what tongue muscle is not supplied by the hypoglossal nerve

A

palatoglossus

55
Q

what supplies the palatoglossus

A

the vagus nerve

56
Q

if a tongue is smooth what might this suggest

A

patient is anaemic

57
Q

if tongue is blue what might this suggest

A

respiratory problem

BDS3 Head and neck anatomy (19 decks)

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