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BDS3 Head and neck anatomy > Week 7 > Flashcards

Week 7 Flashcards

1
Q

where is the pteryogomandibular raphe

A

fibrous band between the pterygoid hamulus and the mandible

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2
Q

where is the pterygoid hamulus

A

lower projection at the back of the mouth at the lower end of the medial pterygoid plate

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3
Q

where is the buccinator

A

coming forward from pterygomandibular raphe

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4
Q

what are the muscles called which surround the pharynx

A
  • superior constrictor muscle
  • middle constrictor muscle
  • inferior constrictor muscle
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5
Q

what type of muscle are the constrictor muscles

A

skeletal muscle BUT under strong reflex control

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6
Q

what do the constrictor muscles do

A

during swallowing, they grasp the bolus and help it move down through the pharynx

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7
Q

what is the superior constrictor muscle attached to

A

pterygomandibular raphe

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8
Q

Where is the pharyngeal tubercle and what is attached to it

A

near the foramen magnum

superior constrictor muscle is attached to it

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9
Q

what pharynx constrictor muscle is attached to the hyoid bone

A

middle constrictor muscle

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10
Q

what is the middle constrictor muscle attached to

A

the hyoid bone

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11
Q

what is the inferior constrictor muscle attached to

A
  • thyroid cartilage
  • cricoid cartilage
  • also the fibrous band between the two
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12
Q

is the inferior constrictor muscle on top of the middle constrictor or the middle constrictor on top of the inferior constrictor

A

the inferior constrictor is on top of the middle constrictor

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13
Q

where do the constrictors meet in the midline

A

the pharyngeal raphe

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14
Q

what muscle passes between the superior and middle constrictors, comes from the styloid process and blends with the fibrous material in the wall of the pharynx

A

stylopharyngeus

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15
Q

what muscles does the stylopharyngeus pass between

A

the superior and middle constrictor muscles

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16
Q

is the pharynx open or closed at the front

A

open

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17
Q

is the pharynx open or closed at the back

A

closed (meet at pharyngeal raphe)

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18
Q

what nerve supplies the stylopharyngeus

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN9)

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19
Q

what nerve supplies the constrictor muscles

A

vagus (?)

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20
Q

what muscle winds round the pterygoid hamulus

A

tensor veli palatini muscle

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21
Q

what supplies the tensor veli palatini muscle

A

mandibular nerve

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22
Q

what does the tensor veli palatini run right next to

A

auditory tube

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23
Q

what forms the skeleton of the soft palate

A

palatal aponeurosis

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24
Q

what makes up the palatal aponeurosis

A

tendons of the tensor veli palatini

25
Q

what happens to make the soft palate contract

A

tendons of the tensor veli palatini wrap round pterygoid hamulus and spread out into a flattened sheet that forms the skeleton of the soft palate. When muscles contract, the tendons pull and stretch the soft palate

26
Q

what is the function of the auditory tube

A

lumen allows air into the middle ear

27
Q

what muscle attaches to the upper aspect of the palatal aponeurosis

A

levator veli palatini

28
Q

what is the function of levator veli palatini

A

pulls the soft palate up when it contracts

29
Q

what supplies the levator veli palatini

A

vagus (CNX)

30
Q

what two muscles attache to the lower aspect of the palatal aponeurosis

A
  • palatoglossus

- palatopharyngeus

31
Q

what does the palatoglossus do

A

runs up from tongue

32
Q

what supplies the palatoglossus

A

vagus

33
Q

what does the palatopharyngeus do

A

blends with the back wall of the pharynx

34
Q

what supplies the palatopharyngeus

A

vagus

35
Q

where is the uvula

A

middle of the palatoglossal folds

36
Q

what does the uvula do

A

improves seal on soft palate when swallowing

37
Q

what controls the uvula

A

uvular muscles

38
Q

just before going into the mandible, what happens to the inferior alveolar nerve

A

gives off nerve to mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric

39
Q

where is the lingual nerve in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve

A

just in front of inferior alveolar, goes towards the 3rd molar

40
Q

where is the pterygomandibular space

A

area between the ramus of the mandible and the medial pterygoid muscle, below the level of the lateral pterygoid muscle

41
Q

where do you deposit LA for IDB

A

in the pterygomandibular space

42
Q

what can come off during extractions of the 3rd molar to expose the maxillary sinus

A

maxillary tuberosity

43
Q

what separates the upper and lower compartments of the TMJ

A

articular disc (I think)

44
Q

what is the collection of veins called around the infratemporal fossa

A

pterygoid venous plexus

45
Q

what is the area deep to the ramus of the mandible called

A

infratemporal fossa

46
Q

where is the infratemporal fossa

A

the area deep to the ramus of the mandible

47
Q

describe the course of the external carotid artery around the infratemporal fossa

A
  • runs through parotid salivary gland

- splits into 2 at the TMJ

48
Q

what artery supplies the tissues in the infratemporal fossa and the upper and lower jaw

A

maxillary artery

49
Q

what does the maxillary artery supply

A

tissues in the infratemporal fossa and the upper and lower jaw

50
Q

How many heads does the lateral pterygoid have?

What are they called

A

2

  • superior head
  • inferior head
51
Q

where does the superior head of the lateral pterygoid come from, where does it run and what does it attach to

A
  • base of the skull
  • runs backwards and downwards
  • capsule of the TMJ
52
Q

where does the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid come from, where does it run and what does it attach to

A
  • lateral side of the lateral pterygoid plate
  • buccal nerve is superficial to it
  • capsule of the TMJ and pterygoid fovea of the mandible
53
Q

what happens when the lateral pterygoid muscle contracts

A
  • pulls on the neck of the mandible, capsule of TMJ and disc inside
  • whole head of mandible slides out of its fossa and onto the articular eminence
  • protrudes/protracts the mandible
54
Q

how many heads does the medial pterygoid have? What are they called?

A

2

  • superficial
  • deep
55
Q

which head is larger of the medial pterygoid heads

A

the deep head is much larger than the superficial head

56
Q

where does the superficial head of the medial pterygoid arise from

A

maxillary tuberosity

57
Q

where does the deep head of the medial pterygoid ome from and attach to

A

Comes from the medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate

attaches to the ramus at the angle of the mandible on the medial side

58
Q

what happens when the medial pterygoid contracts

A
  • elevates and protrude/protract the mandible

- pulls laterally (to the side)

BDS3 Head and neck anatomy (19 decks)

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