Week 7 Flashcards
where is the pteryogomandibular raphe
fibrous band between the pterygoid hamulus and the mandible
where is the pterygoid hamulus
lower projection at the back of the mouth at the lower end of the medial pterygoid plate
where is the buccinator
coming forward from pterygomandibular raphe
what are the muscles called which surround the pharynx
- superior constrictor muscle
- middle constrictor muscle
- inferior constrictor muscle
what type of muscle are the constrictor muscles
skeletal muscle BUT under strong reflex control
what do the constrictor muscles do
during swallowing, they grasp the bolus and help it move down through the pharynx
what is the superior constrictor muscle attached to
pterygomandibular raphe
Where is the pharyngeal tubercle and what is attached to it
near the foramen magnum
superior constrictor muscle is attached to it
what pharynx constrictor muscle is attached to the hyoid bone
middle constrictor muscle
what is the middle constrictor muscle attached to
the hyoid bone
what is the inferior constrictor muscle attached to
- thyroid cartilage
- cricoid cartilage
- also the fibrous band between the two
is the inferior constrictor muscle on top of the middle constrictor or the middle constrictor on top of the inferior constrictor
the inferior constrictor is on top of the middle constrictor
where do the constrictors meet in the midline
the pharyngeal raphe
what muscle passes between the superior and middle constrictors, comes from the styloid process and blends with the fibrous material in the wall of the pharynx
stylopharyngeus
what muscles does the stylopharyngeus pass between
the superior and middle constrictor muscles
is the pharynx open or closed at the front
open
is the pharynx open or closed at the back
closed (meet at pharyngeal raphe)
what nerve supplies the stylopharyngeus
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN9)
what nerve supplies the constrictor muscles
vagus (?)
what muscle winds round the pterygoid hamulus
tensor veli palatini muscle
what supplies the tensor veli palatini muscle
mandibular nerve
what does the tensor veli palatini run right next to
auditory tube
what forms the skeleton of the soft palate
palatal aponeurosis
what makes up the palatal aponeurosis
tendons of the tensor veli palatini
what happens to make the soft palate contract
tendons of the tensor veli palatini wrap round pterygoid hamulus and spread out into a flattened sheet that forms the skeleton of the soft palate. When muscles contract, the tendons pull and stretch the soft palate
what is the function of the auditory tube
lumen allows air into the middle ear
what muscle attaches to the upper aspect of the palatal aponeurosis
levator veli palatini
what is the function of levator veli palatini
pulls the soft palate up when it contracts
what supplies the levator veli palatini
vagus (CNX)
what two muscles attache to the lower aspect of the palatal aponeurosis
- palatoglossus
- palatopharyngeus
what does the palatoglossus do
runs up from tongue
what supplies the palatoglossus
vagus
what does the palatopharyngeus do
blends with the back wall of the pharynx
what supplies the palatopharyngeus
vagus
where is the uvula
middle of the palatoglossal folds
what does the uvula do
improves seal on soft palate when swallowing
what controls the uvula
uvular muscles
just before going into the mandible, what happens to the inferior alveolar nerve
gives off nerve to mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric
where is the lingual nerve in relation to the inferior alveolar nerve
just in front of inferior alveolar, goes towards the 3rd molar
where is the pterygomandibular space
area between the ramus of the mandible and the medial pterygoid muscle, below the level of the lateral pterygoid muscle
where do you deposit LA for IDB
in the pterygomandibular space
what can come off during extractions of the 3rd molar to expose the maxillary sinus
maxillary tuberosity
what separates the upper and lower compartments of the TMJ
articular disc (I think)
what is the collection of veins called around the infratemporal fossa
pterygoid venous plexus
what is the area deep to the ramus of the mandible called
infratemporal fossa
where is the infratemporal fossa
the area deep to the ramus of the mandible
describe the course of the external carotid artery around the infratemporal fossa
- runs through parotid salivary gland
- splits into 2 at the TMJ
what artery supplies the tissues in the infratemporal fossa and the upper and lower jaw
maxillary artery
what does the maxillary artery supply
tissues in the infratemporal fossa and the upper and lower jaw
How many heads does the lateral pterygoid have?
What are they called
2
- superior head
- inferior head
where does the superior head of the lateral pterygoid come from, where does it run and what does it attach to
- base of the skull
- runs backwards and downwards
- capsule of the TMJ
where does the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid come from, where does it run and what does it attach to
- lateral side of the lateral pterygoid plate
- buccal nerve is superficial to it
- capsule of the TMJ and pterygoid fovea of the mandible
what happens when the lateral pterygoid muscle contracts
- pulls on the neck of the mandible, capsule of TMJ and disc inside
- whole head of mandible slides out of its fossa and onto the articular eminence
- protrudes/protracts the mandible
how many heads does the medial pterygoid have? What are they called?
2
- superficial
- deep
which head is larger of the medial pterygoid heads
the deep head is much larger than the superficial head
where does the superficial head of the medial pterygoid arise from
maxillary tuberosity
where does the deep head of the medial pterygoid ome from and attach to
Comes from the medial side of the lateral pterygoid plate
attaches to the ramus at the angle of the mandible on the medial side
what happens when the medial pterygoid contracts
- elevates and protrude/protract the mandible
- pulls laterally (to the side)
