Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS3 Head and neck anatomy > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply

A

lower limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What artery is the main continuation of the internal carotid artery

A

middle cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where does the middle cerebral artery run

A

into deep part of lateral fissure, branches out into the middle of the cerebral hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what artery supplies the visual cortex

A

posterior cerebral artery area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what supplies the motor speech area

A

middle cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what lines the cranial cavity

A

dura mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is dura mater

A

tough, most outer layer of the meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is found between the inner and outer tables of the skull

A

bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how is the cranial cavity divided

A

anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does the olfactory nerve come out

A

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the path of the olfactory nerve

A

lots of little nerves which come through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.

join the olfactory bulb and tract

info about smell to the frontal lobe of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is the anterior clinoid process useful

A

landmark for finding the optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the borders of the middle cranial fossa

A

lesser wing of the sphenoid bone to the superior border of the petrous temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what covers the pituitary gland

A

pituitary stack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is the internal carotid artery in the cranial cavity

A

very close to the optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an aneurysm

A

swelling of an artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why might an aneurysm cause visual disturbances

A

swelling of the artery pressing on the optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where is the superior orbital fissure

A

under the sphenoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the path of the occulomotor nerve

A
  • goes through the dura
  • runs between the dura and bone
  • comes out at the superior orbital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does the trochlear nerve supply

A

superior oblique muslce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the path of the trochlear nerve

A
  • smallest of the cranial nerves
  • through dura
  • runs between dura and bone
  • comes out at superior orbital fissure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve come out

A

back end of the middle cranial fosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the path of the trigeminal nerve

A
  • comes from pons
  • goes into tunnel in dura
  • trigeminal ganglion in meckel’s cave
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve

A
  1. opthalimic
  2. maxillary
  3. mandibular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the path of the ophthalmic nerve

A
  • branches from ganglion
  • goes through superior orbital fissure
  • supplies skin of forehead and scalp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the path of the maxillary nerve

A
  • branches from ganglion
  • goes through foramen rotundum
  • reaches pterygopalatine fossa
  • supplies middle face, palate, siuses, nasopharynx, nose and alveolar to upper teeth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the path of the mandibular nerve

A
  • branches from ganglion
  • goes through the foramen ovale
  • supplies the temple, jaw, chin, anteiror 2/3 tongue, floor of mouth, lower teeth and lower gingiva, lower lip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is trigeminal neuralgia

A

extremely sharp pain in one of the areas of the trigeminal nerve (often maxillary)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what can trigger trigeminal neuralgia

A

dental treatment

30
Q

how is trigeminal neuralgia treated

A

carbamazepine (neuro-suppressor drug) or use needle through the foramen ovale to remove cells causing the trouble

31
Q

what is the path of abducens nerve

A
  • penetrates dura, has very long course
  • runs under the dura
  • over the edge of the petrous temporal bone
  • forwards to get to the superior orbital fissure where it leaves cranial cavity
32
Q

what is the path of the facial and vestibulochlear nerve

A
  • nerves run side by side (8th is lateral)
  • go into the internal acoustic meatus
  • 8th goes into ear
  • 7th runs close to ear and comes out at the base of the skull
33
Q

what is the path of the glossopharyngeal, vagus and cranial root of the accessory nerve

A
  • go through jugular foramen

- 9 and 10 supply pharynx and larynx

34
Q

what is the path of the spinal root of the accessory nerve

A
  • go through jugular foramen
  • comes up from spinal cord
  • supplies sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
35
Q

what is the spinal root of the accessory nerve derived from

A

the first 5 cervical (C1-C5) segments

36
Q

apart from nerves what also exits the cavity through the jugular foramen

A

venous blood

37
Q

what is the path of the vertebral arteries

A
  • comes through dura
  • into spinal cord
  • through the foramen magnum
  • alongside the medulla
  • join together to form the bailsar artery at pons
38
Q

what is the path of the hypoglossal nerve

A
  • small bony opening just in front of the foramen magnum

- long course towards the tongue

39
Q

where is the dura mater

A

immediately inside the vault

slightly attached to the vault

40
Q

what is the large fold of dura mater called in he midline

A

falx cerebri

41
Q

what runs inside the falx cerebri

A

superior sagital sinus

42
Q

what are the 3 layers of meninges called

A
  • dura mater
  • arachnoid mater
  • pia mater
43
Q

what and where is pia mater

A
  • deepest layer of meninges
  • on surface of brain
  • very thin and soft
  • follows brain everywhere and covers CNS
44
Q

what and where is the arachnoid mater

A
  • lies immediately to the dura
  • soft, flimsy layer
  • cob-web like strands run across the sub-arachnoid space to the pia mater
45
Q

what is in the sub-arachnoid space

A

CSF

46
Q

what is the path of CSF

A
  • made in ventricles
  • escapes into sub-arachnoid space at the 4th ventricle (hind brain)
  • goes down the spinal cord through the foramen magnum
47
Q

what is the purpose of CSF

A

helps to resist movement of the brain

48
Q

what are the projections of arachnoid mater called

A

arachnoid villi

49
Q

what do the arachnoid villi do

A

absorb CSF into the blood stream

50
Q

what happens at the superior sagital sinus

A

where the falx meets the tentorium

51
Q

what shape is the superior sagital sinus

A

triangular

52
Q

what is the path of the blood following the superior sagital sinus

A
  • superior sagital sinus
  • blood swings to right through right transverse sinus (makes a groove in the skull)
  • sigmoid sinus at front of posterior cranial fossa
  • through jugular foramen
53
Q

what is the path of the blood following the straight sinus

A
  • straight sinus
  • blood swings to the left through the left transverse sinus
  • sigmoid sinus
  • through jugular foramen
54
Q

what is the connection between the superior sagital sinus and straight sinus called

A

confluence of sinuses

55
Q

path of venous blood from the orbit

A
  • orbit
  • opthalmic veins
  • cavernous sinus
  • pietrosal sinuses
  • sigmoid sinus
  • internal jugular vein
56
Q

describe cavernous sinus thrombosis

A

caused by infection in upper teeth or face
results in swollen eye and fever due to blood clot

UPPER TEETH

  • bacteria enters venous blood at pterygoid venous plexus
  • sphenoidal emissary vein
  • cavernous sinus

FACE

  • bacteria enters venous blood through orbit
  • at caverous sinus blood moves very slowly as lots of gaps
  • bacteria multiply here
57
Q

what does cavernous sinus thrombosis present as

A

swollen eye and fever

58
Q

how quickly does blood move the cavernous sinus and why

A

very slowly, lots of gaps

59
Q

what are the 3 types of haemorrhage called

A
  1. Extradural haemorrhage
  2. Subdural haemorrhage
  3. Subarachnoid haemorrhage
60
Q

what causes an extradural haemorrhage

A

bursting of middle meningeal artery

61
Q

where does blood gather in an extradural haemorrhage

A

between the dura and the bone

62
Q

how quickly does a pt’s conscious level deteriorate in an extradural haemorrhage

A

gradually over a few hours

63
Q

who tends to get extradural haemorrhages

A

anyone of any age

64
Q

what causes a subdural haemorrhage

A

cerebral veins tearing where the are attached to firm dura

65
Q

where does blood gather in a subdural haemorrhage

A

between dura and arachnoid

66
Q

how quickly does a pt’s conscious level deteriorate in a subdural haemorrhage

A

very gradually over days weeks (venous blood is slower)

67
Q

who tends to get subdural haemorrhages

A

elderly

68
Q

what causes a subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

bursting of cerebral arteries (berry aneurysm around the circle of Whillis that can burst)

69
Q

where does blood gather in a subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

on the underside of the brain

70
Q

how quickly do patients level deteriorate in a subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

very rapidly

71
Q

who tends to get a subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

people in mid-life

BDS3 Head and neck anatomy (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions