Week 3

Question 1

What cranial nerve supply all muscles of facial expression

Answer 1

facial nerve (CN7)

Question 2

what does the fact that all muscles of facial expression are suppllied by the facial nerve tell us about the muscles

Answer 2

they have formed from the 2nd pharyngeal arch of the embryo

Question 3

what is the muscle that wrinkles your forehead and raises your eyebrow called

Answer 3

frontalis

Question 4

what is the tendon that attaches to the frontalis muscle called

Answer 4

epicranial aponeurosis

Question 5

what is the muscle that surrounds the orbit called

Answer 5

obicularis oculi

Question 6

what are the 2 parts of the obicularis oculi muscle

Answer 6

• palpebral part

- orbital part

Question 7

where is the palpebral part of the obicularis oculi muscle and what does it allow you to do

Answer 7

inside eyelides, deep to skin

- blink

Question 8

where is the orbital part of the obicularis oculi muscle and what does it allow you to do

Answer 8

Further out from palpebral part are courser bundles of skeletal muscle like elipses passing round the eye more over the bone, beyond the area of the eyelids, they intersect of the lateral side.
- Allow to close eyes tightly

Question 9

what is the attachment for both parts of obicularis oculi muscle called

Answer 9

medial palpebral ligament

Question 10

what muscle draws the ends of the eyebrows together giving the impression of concentration

Answer 10

procerus muscle

Question 11

what is the muscl called which surrounds the lips

Answer 11

obicularis oris

Question 12

what does the obicularis oris do

Answer 12

important for keeping liips sealed when e.g. drinking

Question 13

what muscle pulls the upper lip up

where does it come from

Answer 13

• levator labii superioris

- from the bone just above the mouth into the whole upper lip

Question 14

what muscle pulls the lower lip down

Answer 14

• depressor labii inferioris

- coming up from the dermis on chin and coming into the whole lower lip from below

Question 15

what muscle runs from the orbit to the corner of the mouth

Answer 15

levator anguli oris

Question 16

what muscle runs from the side of the chin to the corner of the mouth

Answer 16

depressor anguli oris

Question 17

what muscles run from the zygomatic bone downwards and medially to the corner of the mouth

Answer 17

zygomatic major and minor muscles

Question 18

what muscle pulls the corner of the mouth out to the side

Answer 18

risorius muscle

Question 19

what does the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle do

Answer 19

elevator of the upper lip and also of the nose. Little muscle not far from orbit comes down to the upper lip and sends branch out to the side of the nose so it raises the side of the nose

Question 20

what is the role of the platysma muscle

Answer 20

to maintain the tissues of the neck and stop them sagging down

Question 21

where is the buccinator

Answer 21

deep to the cheek, comes from back part of the cheek and runs forwards into the lips

Question 22

what is the role of the buccinator

Answer 22

• gives tone to cheeks
• when eating pushes food in between your teeth and stops food building up in the vestibule of the mouth
• important for controlling dentures

Question 23

where is the zygomatic arch

Answer 23

lateral to the eye, TMJ, head of the mandible

Question 24

what does the parotid salivary gland cover

Answer 24

• comes up to the level with head of the mandible
• covers the masseter
• comes over upper part of sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 25

why is swelling of the parotid gland sore

Answer 25

covered by dense fascia which doesn’t really expand

Question 26

what does the masseter do

Answer 26

raises mandible up

clenches teeth together

Question 27

where is the parotid duct

Answer 27

• runs across masseter from parotid salivary gland
• opens up to crown at the 2nd molar tooth
• accessory parotid gland is on its edge

Question 28

where are the parotid lymph nodes

Answer 28

on surface or embedded in parotid gland

Question 29

what artery supplies blood to the side of the head and is the final branch of the external carotid artery

Answer 29

superficial temporal artery

Question 30

where is the superficial temporal vein

Answer 30

right behind the superficial temporal artery (side of the head)

Question 31

what is the course of the facial nerve

Answer 31

• comes out from base of the skull just behind the ear
• runs forward
• goes into the parotid salivary gland
• runs in gland in a parasagital (front to back) direction
• branches inside the parotid gland

Question 32

when people talk about superficial and deep parts of the parotid gland what are they referring to

Answer 32

superficial or deep to the plane in which the facial nerve is branching

Question 33

what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve

Answer 33

• temporal
• zygomatic
• buccal branches
• marginal mandibular
• cervical

Question 34

what does the temporal branch of the facial nerve supply

Answer 34

upper part of obicularis oculi and frontalis muscle

Question 35

what does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve supply

Answer 35

obicularis oculi

Question 36

what do the several buccal branches of the facial nerve supply

Answer 36

supply the muscles going into the upper lip

Question 37

what does the marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve supply

Answer 37

muscles of the lower lip

Question 38

what does the cervical branch of the facial nerve supply

Answer 38

platysma

Question 39

are the branches of the facial nerve single branches or groups of branches

Answer 39

groups of branches

Question 40

where is the supraorbital nerve derived from

Answer 40

opthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve