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ADN005 Pediatrics > Week 7 Chapter 51 > Flashcards

Week 7 Chapter 51 Flashcards

1
Q

Risk Factors for Respiratory Arrest in Children vs Adults

A

Smaller Airways
Underdeveloped immune systems
Lack motor coordination
Susceptible to choking on food and small objects
Higher risk for SIDS

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2
Q

Children are at greater risk for near drowning, poisoning, and traumatic injury compared to adults

Most pediatric arrests from respiratory failure or shock

A

True

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3
Q

Children who have cardiopulmonary arrest requiring resuscitative measures rarely fare well explains differences in each chain

A

True

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4
Q

AHA Chain or Survival

A

Adult
- EMS activation
- CPR
- Early defib
- Early access to advanced care
- Integrated postcardiac arrest care

Child
- Prevention of cardiac arrest and injuries
- Early CPR
- Early access to emergency response system
- PALS
- Integrated postcardiac and arrest care

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5
Q

Common Medical Treatments

A

Suctioning
Oxygen
BVM ventilation
Intubation
Needle Thoracotomy
IV Fluid Therapy
Blood Product Transfusion
Cervical Stabilization
Defib- V Fib and pulseless v tach
- Synchronized Cardioversion- SVTs V Tach with a pulse

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6
Q

AED uses only age above 1 and ?

A

Witnessed collapse

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7
Q

Common Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

A

Electrolyte and glucose levels
CBC and basic metabolic
Blood cultures
Urinalysis
ABGs
Toxicology panel if needed
ECG
Chest Radiograph

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8
Q

Medication SVT

A

Adenosine

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9
Q

V tach and V fib

A

Amiodarone

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10
Q

Sinus Brady, asystole, PEA

A

Atropine

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11
Q

Adrenergic agent

A

Dobutamine

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12
Q

Inotropic agent

A

Dopamine

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13
Q

Vasopressor, inotropic

A

Epinephrine

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14
Q

Antidysrhythmic

A

Lidocaine

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

Opioid Antagonist

A

Naloxone

16
Q

Drugs Administered through ETT

A

LEAN
L- Lidocaine
E- epinephrine
A- Atropine
N- Naloxone

17
Q

ABCs of Life Support

A

ABC

Secondary Survey
- Disability
- Exposure

18
Q

Increased respiratory rate

A

Tachypnea

19
Q

Decreased in depth and rate of respiration

A

Hypoventilation

20
Q

Regular breathing with occasional short pulses

A

Periodic Breathing

21
Q

Use of intercostal muscles or presence of retractions

A

Increased work of breathing

22
Q

Airway Devices and Ventilations Methods

A

Anesthesia bag or flow ventilation system
BVM or manual resuscitator
Laryngeal Mask Airway
Tracheal Intubation

23
Q

Verify tracheal tube placement with

A

ETCO2
- Yellow color
- Symmetric rise and fall of chest

  • Exhaled CO2 monitors as an indication of appropriate ventilation
24
Q

DOPE for Intubation Troubleshooting

A

D- displacement
O- Obstruction
P- Pneumothorax
E- Equipment failure

  • Disconnected oxygen supply
  • Leak in the ventilator circuit
  • Loss of power
25
Q

Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests when Assessing Respiratory Status

A

ABGs

Pulse Oximetry
Chest Radiograph
Metal Detector

26
Q

Circulation

A

HR
Pulses
Perfusion
Blood Pressure
Cardiac Rhythm
LOC altered
Establish Vascular access

27
Q

Forms of vascular access

A

Peripheral IV route
Central IV Route
Saphenous Vein Cutdown
Intraosseous Access

28
Q

Neurologic Assessment of a Child with a Pediatric Emergency

A

Level of awareness
Evaluate interest in environment
Evaluate the child’s head
Assess the eyes
Evaluate the child’s face
Evaluate Spontaneous movement
May use Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale

29
Q

Common Types of Pediatric Emergencies

A

Respiratory Arrest
Shock
Cardiac Arrhythmias
Near Drowning
Poisoning
Traumatic Injury- Leading Cause of death ( unintentional injuries)

30
Q

Normally healthy child suddenly deteriorates without a known cause

A

Toxic Ingestion

31
Q

Questions for Poisoning

A

Inquire about approximate time and nature of toxin
How was it ingested?
Caregiver medication bottle?
Older children possible suicide?

32
Q

Alterations Occurring with Toxic Ingestions

A

Hyper/ Hypo Tension
Hyper/ Hypo thermia
Resp. Depression or hyperventilation
Pupillary Contraction or dilation

33
Q

Types of Shock

A

Hypovolemic
Septic
Cardiogenic
Distributive

34
Q

S/S of shock

A

Pallor
Hypotension
Brady or Tachycardia
Resp. Distress
Delayed capillary refill
Weak Distal pulses

35
Q

Result of dramatic respiratory or hemodynamic compromise

Can be compensated or decompensated

Caused by impaired cardiac output, SVR or both

Depends on their HR

A

Shock

36
Q

Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Children

A

Electrolyte abnormalities
Toxic drug ingestion
History of serious primary congenital or acquired cardiac defect
Potentially lethal arrhythmias such as prolonged QT syndrome
Hyper or hypo cardiomyopathy
Traumatic Injury

37
Q

Rare exception for children for cardiac arrest

A

Commotio Cordis

38
Q

Nursing Management of a Child with a Pediatric Emergency

A

Maintain Airway
Provide oxygen
Assisting in ventilation
Monitoring changes in status
Offering support and education to child and family

ADN005 Pediatrics (21 decks)

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