Week 1 Chapter 28

Question 1

Physical growth of School Age Children

Answer 1

Grows an average of 2.5 inches

Question 2

Weight growth of school age children

Answer 2

average of 7Ibs per year

Question 3

Boys and girls are similar in height and weight early on?

Answer 3

True

• Later on girls may develop faster than boys in height and weight; boys will “ catch up”

Question 4

Physical growth of school age children will show what characteristics ?

Answer 4

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

-Expectations of behavior should be consistent with age, not appearances

Question 5

Neurologic system of school age children

Answer 5

The brain and skull grow very slowly; cognitive processes mature

Question 6

Respiratory System of school age children

Answer 6

RR decreases and respirations are diaphragmatic in nature

Question 7

CV system in school age children

Answer 7

Blood pressure increases and pulse rate decreases

Question 8

Immune system in school age children

Answer 8

Matures to adult level around 10 years old; fewer infections experienced

Question 9

GI system of school age children

Answer 9

Deciduous teeth replaced by permanent teeth, Fewer GI upsets; stomach capacity increases, caloric needs lower, but appetite may increase

Question 10

GU system of school age children

Answer 10

Bladder capacity increases ( age in years + 2oz), prepubescence occurs

Question 11

Musculoskeletal System of school ager children

Answer 11

Greater coordination and strength, muscle still immature and can easily be injured.

Question 12

Gross motor in school age children

Answer 12

Coordination, balance, and rhythm improve
May become awkward as bodies growing faster than able to compensate

Question 13

Fine motor in school age children

Answer 13

Hand usage improves
Eye Hand coordination and balance improve
Can write, print words, sew, and build models
Takes pride in activities requiring dexterity and fine motor skills, such as playing musical instruments

Question 14

Name signs of vision problems in school age children

Answer 14

Eye rubbing, squinting
Avoiding reading
Frequent Headaches
Holding reading materials close
Problems with depth perception or hand eye coordination
Sports related eye injuries and eye protection are important in this age group

Question 15

Term known as ‘‘Lazy eye’’

Answer 15

Amblyopia

-When one eye can focus better than the other

Question 16

Causes of Amblyopia

Answer 16

-Uncorrected refractive errors or other eye defects in one eye( near sighted, far sighted, or astigmatism)
- Malalignment of the eye muscles ( strabismus)
- Deprivation due to contact formation in one eye ( rare)

Question 17

School age children vocabulary expands to …

Answer 17

8k to 14k words

Question 18

Language and communication skills of school age children

Answer 18

Culturally specific words are used
Reading efficiency is improves language skills
More complex grammatical forms are used
development of metalinguistic awareness occurs
Metaphors are beginning to be understood

Question 19

Name emotional and social developmental issues in school age children

Answer 19

Temperament
Self esteem development
Body image
School Age Fears
Peer relationships
Teacher ad school influences
Family influences

Question 20

6 years of age characteristics

Answer 20

Self centered
Sensitive to criticism
Begins losing temp. teeth
Tie Knots
Develops concepts with numbers
Takes bath without supervision

Question 21

7 years of age characteristics

Answer 21

Temporal perception improving
Increased self reliance for basic activities
Team games/ sports
Develops concept of time
Boys prefers playing with boys, girls prefer girls

Question 22

8 years of age characteristics

Answer 22

Friends sought out actively
Eye development generally complete
Movements more graceful
Helps with household chores

Question 23

9 years of age characteristics

Answer 23

Skillful manual work possible
Conflicts between adults and peers
Better behaved
Conflict between needs for independence and dependence
Likes school

Question 24

10 - 12 years years of age characteristics

Answer 24

Remainder of teeth erupt( except wisdom)
Uses telephone
Responds to advertising
Increasingly responsible
More selective when choosing friends
Develops beginning interest of opposite sex
Loves conversation
Raises pets

Question 25

Age Appropriate Toys, games, and activities for school age children

Answer 25

Construction toys, use of tools, household serving tools, table game sports, participation in repair, building, and mechanical activities, household chores

Question 26

-Children begin to compare themselves with their peers
- Develop sense of pride and accomplishment in school, sports, social activities, and family life or they feel inferior and inadequate because they do not measure up
-If children do not learn to get along with others or have negative experiences at home or with peers, an inferiority complex may develop into adolescence and adulthood

Answer 26

Erikson : Industry vs Inferiority (6-12 years)

Question 27

Piaget Concrete Operational Stage ( 7- 11 years)

Answer 27

Children become able to represent ideas and events more flexibly and logically

They can solve problems more systemically, operate on concrete objects and events, and can focus on more than one feature problem at a time

Question 28

Benefits of physical activity

Answer 28

CV fitness
Weight control
Emotional tension release
Development of leadership and social skills

Question 29

Safety issues for School- Age Child

Answer 29

Car Safety
Pedestrian Safety
Bicycle and sport safety
Fire Safety
Water Safety
Abuse in Children

Question 30

Assessing Nutrition in School Age Child

Answer 30

-Check height and weight compared to previous measurements, assess BMI for age
-Nutrition history including 24 hr. recall of what was consumed
-Inquire about family meals and social aspects of eating including who prepares the meals
-Solicit from both parent and child
Identify any knowledge gaps relating to nutrition

Question 31

Nutritional Needs

Answer 31

-Needs vary based on age, gender, and activity level
-Needed calories decrease while appetite increases
- Increased body fat occurs earlier in girls than boys
- Diet preference established in preschool years persist

Question 32

In preparation for adolescence, the body composition .

Answer 32

Fat increases

Question 33

Nutritional Needs of the Average Sized School Age Child

Answer 33

-Children need 25 g Fiber for 4-8 years old
-26- 31 g fiber for 9-13 years
-Moderate to vigorous exercise for 60 min per day
- Daily fruits and veggies
- Whole Grains; breads and cereals
- Non fat or low fat milk

Question 34

Developmental Concerns

Answer 34

Television and video games - set limit on both
- School refusal
- Latchkey children and safety
- Stealing, lying, cheating, bullying ( whether preparator or victim)
- Fitting in with peers groups
- Tobacco and alcohol education

Question 35

Promoting Appropriate Discipline

Answer 35

-Children learn the natural and logical consequences of discipline
- Parents should teach children rules established by family, values, and social rules of conduct.
- Discipline should be consistent, applied fairly and focus on the development of the child
- Positive acknowledgement of positive behaviors are more likely to encourage those positive behaviors and promote development

Question 36

Factors Determining Type and Amount of Discipline

Answer 36

-Development level of both child and parent
-Severity of misbehavior
-Established rules of the family
-Temperament of the Child
-Response of the child to rewards

Question 37

How many hours of sleep do school age children need?

Answer 37

-10- 12 hours
- Should have predictable bedtime expectations and wake up times
- Children may need help in winding down to promote sleep
- Night terrors and sleep walking may occur but should resolve by 8- 10 years

Question 38

Name some cultural influences on Growth and development

Answer 38

Habits
Beliefs
Language
Religious Customs
Values( Family vs Peers)