Week 6 Chapter 44 Flashcards
Time of rapid growth is
Adolescence
Increased risk of injury with this age group as well.
Neuromuscular system includes
The nervous system and muscular system
Musculoskeletal provides body with form, support, stability, protection, and ability to move. Made up with cartilages`, bones, and tendons.
If child does not develop milestones in a timely manner then neuro or muscular disorder may be the culprit
True
Growth plate injuries can result in
Diminished growth
Child’s bones have thick, strong periosteum with an _____________ ___________ supply to allow for quicker healing.
adequate blood
Children’s bones also produce callus more quickly than adults.
Motor development begins at birth and proceeds in predictable sequence
Full range of motion is present at birth
Child’s spinal cord more mobile than adult
Myelinization not complete until 2 years of age
Skeleton not completely ossified until late adolescence
Growth of bones occurs primarily at specialized growth plates at the end of long bones
Bones in children are more vascular
Differences in Child vs Adult
Eliciting History of Present Neurologic Disorder
Changes in gait
Activity level compared to peers
Recent Trauma
Poor Feeding
Lethargy
Fever
Weakness
Alteration in muscle tone
History of Developmental Milestones
Physical Examination of the Nervous System and Musculoskeletal Systems
Inspect and Observation
- Motor Function
- Reflexes
- Sensory Function
Palpation
- Muscle strength and tone
Auscultation
- Lungs for adventitious sounds
CBC
CK
Radiographs
Fluoroscopy/ Arthrography
Myelography EMG Muscle Biopsy
Nerve Conduction Testing
CT MRI Ultrasound
Genetic Testing
Laboratory and Diagnostic Testing
Indicated to evaluate with a fracture for potential bleeding
Leaks from muscle into the plasma as muscle deteriorates
CBC
Xray of the spinal cord and its roots
Myelography
Recording electrode is placed in the skeletal muscle and electrical activity is recorded
EMG
Measures the speed of nerve conduction
Nerve Conduction Testing
Patch like nodes placed and various nerve spots
Mini Shocks and EMG done at the same time
Common Meds Used for Skeletal Muscle Disorders
Benzodiazepines
Baclofen
Corticosteroids
Botulin Toxin
Acetaminophen
Narcotics
NSAIDs
Bisphosphonate
Common Medical Disorders for Skeletal Disorders
Casting
Splinting Fixation
Cold Therapy
Crutches
Traction
Therapies
Orthotics and Braces
Central Acting Muscle Skeletal Relaxant
Baclofen
Anti- Inflammatory and immunosuppressive action
Corticosteroids
Neurotoxin that blocks neuromuscular conduction
Botox
Increase bone mineral density and decrease incidence of fractures in moderate to sever osteogenesis imperfecta.
Bisphosphonate
______________ are used to immobilize a bone that has been injured or a diseased joint
Serves to hold the bone in reduction
Prevents deformity as fracture heals
Keeps bone aligned and helps to reduce pain
Casts
Cast Care watch for CSM?
True
C olor
S ensation
M ovement
CAST stands for
C clean and dry
A above the heart
S Scratch and itch
T Take it easy
Common method of immobilization used to reduce or immobilize a fracture to align and injured extremity to be restored to its normal length.
Traction
Nursing Interventions in Children with impaired mobility
Frequent Pain Assessments
Skin Integrity maintained
Supporting adequate ROM
CSM
Frequent Neurovascular Checks
- Ice and Elevation
Teach about cast and crutch care
Consult physical and occupational therapies to improve the mobility and independent functioning