week 4 part 2

Question 1

our immune system is designed to protect us from these threats

Answer 1

1. prevent entry
   2.prevent spread/growth
   3.remove threat

Question 2

organs and tissue

Answer 2

-bone marrow, speel, thymus gland, tonsil
-lymph nodes and vessels
-lymphoid tissue within the GI tract

Question 3

innate immune response

Answer 3

physical & chemical barriers, inflammation
-immune cells involved are non specific
-molecular component are non specific
- fast immediate
no memory

Question 4

adaptive immune response

Answer 4

kills the compromised cells
- specific immune cells
-molecular components: antibodies and chemical mediators
- initial response takes few weeks
immunologic memory

Question 5

antigen-presenting cell

Answer 5

dendritic cells

Question 6

b lymphocytes

Answer 6

recognize specific antigens that have invaded the body before

Question 7

T lymphocytes

Answer 7

recognize the specific antigen that is presented
turns into helper t cells secrete cytokine to help coordinate the immune response

Question 8

what happens during an innate immune response

Answer 8

local neutrophils and macrophages (and natural killer cells)
Phagocytosis of the pathogen
Secretion of chemical mediators that:
- trigger inflammatory response
- trigger release of other chemical mediators (e.g. interferon if virus)
- recruit more immune cells

Question 9

vaccination

Answer 9

actively generating adaptive immunity aginst a specific microbe by exposure to non pathogenic form or component of the microbe

Question 10

steps of a vaccine

Answer 10

1. vaccine with a portion of the pathogen
2. helper t cells activated
3. cyokine release, b Cell activate, plasma cells produce antibodies
4. immune cell recruitment

Question 11

live attenuate

Answer 11

whole cell vaccine
- pathogen weakened
-still able to replicate
- big immune response

Question 12

inactivated

Answer 12

whole cell vaccine
- pathogen killed
-no cellular immunity
-small immune response

Question 13

sub unit

Answer 13

fractionates vaccine
-b cells only

Question 14

toxoid

Answer 14

• developed against specific toxins

Question 15

hypersensitivity

Answer 15

immune system overreacts to cause damage instead of protection

Question 16

autoimmune

Answer 16

Immune system can’t distinguish between certain self- and non-self antigens

Question 17

Immunodeficiency

Answer 17

The consequence of a defect in one or more components of the immune system

Question 18

Immunocompromised condition

Answer 18

Any condition that leaves your body vulnerable to infection because of an issue with the normal
functioning of the immune system