WEEK 2: Dizziness and Vertigo [Doc Salonga] NOT INCLUDED YET

Question 1

A sensation of lightheadedness, faintness, or unsteadiness; does not involve a rotational component.

Answer 1

Dizziness

Question 2

The perception of movement or whirling, either of the self or surrounding objects.

Answer 2

Vertigo

Question 3

Unsteadiness, imbalance, or loss of equilibrium, often accompanied by disorientation

Answer 3

Disequilibrium

Question 4

A sensation of not knowing where one’s body is in relation to the vertical or horizontal planes

Answer 4

Spatial Disorientation

Question 5

Lesion in the posterior fossa, anong test ang gagawin? CT or MRI?

Answer 5

MRI kasi nahahaharangan siya doon pag posterior fossa.

Question 6

T or F? Dizziness does not involve a rotational

component.

Answer 6

T

Question 7

have patient lie back on
examining table so that head hangs over edge at 30° below
horizontal. Do not move patient into this position too quickly.

Then have patient look straight ahead and watch for 30
seconds. If nystagmus and vertigo develop, note directions of
fast and slow phases and ask patient to describe sensations

Answer 7

Nylen-Barany Maneuver

Question 8

in nylen barani, If vertigo
lasts longer than 60 seconds in this position, it is
called

Answer 8

persistent positional vertigo. if not, then, transient positional vertigo

Question 9

if there is a positive sign in head thrust test, with a saccade back to the target, what does it indicate?

Answer 9

ipsilateral vestibular lesion

Question 10

in head shaking test, where is the nystagmus if there is a bilateral vestibular loss?

Answer 10

NONE. no nystagmus

Question 11

Unilateral vestibular neuritis or acoustic neuroma, where is the location of the nystagmus?

Answer 11

basta always going towards the better ear.

Question 12

First phase nystagmus- where is the location of the nystagmus?

Answer 12

the nystagmus will be away from

the lesion.

Question 13

If it is a problem with the connection of the vestibular system
with the cerebellum, then the nystagmus will be

Answer 13

bidirectional.

Question 14

Down beat nystagmus- not associated with vestibular lesions. T or F?

Answer 14

T

Question 15

if it persists and is not episodic then that is not considered as BPPV T or F?

Answer 15

T

Question 16

rapid phase nystagmus what direction? slow pahse? environment? romberg’s sign?

Answer 16

rapid is away
slow phase is toward
environment is spinning away from lesion
Romberg’s sign toward the lesion

Question 17

give some of the red flags in patients with vertigo

Answer 17

double vision
headache
weakness
diff speaking
diff waking up or staying awake
diff walking
inapp actions
diff controlling arms or legs
abnormal eye movements

Question 18

describes symptoms of dizziness and/or disequilibrium that arise from neck pain and issues that include cervical trauma, cervical arthritis, and other causes.

Answer 18

cervicogenic dizziness

Question 19

is a skin growth that occurs in the middle ear behind the eardrum that can invade the surrounding skull and inner ear, thus causing lots of destruction.

Answer 19

Cholesteatoma

Question 20

caused by exposure to certain drugs or chemicals (e.g., intra-venous aminoglycoside antibiotics) that damage the inner-ear nerve hair cells or the vestibulo-cochlear nerve.

Answer 20

Ototoxicity

Question 21

inflammations caused by a viral infection that can result in damage to hearing and vestibular function

Answer 21

Labyrinthitis; vestibular neuritis

Question 22

is a sensation of rocking or movement that persists after a cruise or other form of travel.

Answer 22

Mal de débarquement

Question 23

primary endo-lymphatic hydrops, involves abnormal-ities in quantity, composition, or pressure of the endolymph (one of the fluids within the inner ear). It is a progressive condition.

Answer 23

Meniere’s Disease

Question 24

may be characterized by head pain with symptoms associated with vestibular impairment such as dizziness, motion intolerance, spontaneous vertigo, sensitivity to light and sound, tinnitus, imbalance, and spatial disorientation.

Answer 24

Migraine associated vertigo

Question 25

what are the peripheral cochlear lesions? (4)

Answer 25

labyrynthitis, vestibular neuritis, meniere’s disease, and BPPV.

Question 26

is thought to be a result of viral infection of the endolymph and perilymph affecting both the vestibular and cochlear components of the system.
• The usual history is viral illness followed by acute onset of severe spinning vertigo and sensory neural deafness with tinnitus.

Answer 26

Labyrinthitis

Question 27

hought to be pathogenetically identical to labyrinthitis but without any hearing symptomatology.

Answer 27

Vestibular neuritis

Question 28

If the patient has vertigo unaccompanied by a hearing abnormality, it is strictly speaking impossible to be sure whether the disease is cochlear or retrocochlear. T or F?

Answer 28

T

Question 29

classically characterized by a dull ache in the region of the mastoid process or around the ear associated with severe tinnitus, a cochlear kind of sensory neural hearing loss, and a classic peripheral type of vestibular syndrome with severe spinning vertigo.

Answer 29

Meniere’s Disease

Question 30

a nonspecific sign of auditory system disorder, is a major problem for patients with meniere’s disease, who can be terribly disabled for weeks at a time by the vertigo that accompanies acute attacks

Answer 30

Tinnitus

Question 31

common in older people, especially those with circulatory problems and diabetes. When a person has low blood pressure and pooling of blood in the lower part of the body while sitting or lying down, the process of standing up quickly can cause dizziness and fainting. Normally, body reflexes accommodate such position changes.

Answer 31

Orthostatic Hypotension

Question 32

is a joint disease that can narrow the openings in the neck vertebrae (bones) through which blood vessels flow. Blockage of these vertebral arteries results in an inadequate blood supply to the base of the brain or brainstem—where the balance information is controlled.

Answer 32

Cervical osteoarthritis;

yung symptoms nya na dizziness and lightheadedness, yun yung termed as vertebrobasilar insufficiency

Question 33

is a nervous-system response that causes sudden loss of muscle tone in peripheral blood vessels.

Answer 33

vasovagal syndrome

Question 34

main receptors in the vestibular nuclei

Answer 34

cholinergic and histmainergic

Question 35

A mismatch of sensory input from the vestibular, visual and proprioceptive systems produces vertigo T or F?

Answer 35

T

Question 36

stimulation of vomiting center what neurotransmitter?

Answer 36

histaminergic

Question 37

inhibits vestibular activity (from brainstem to the vestibular nuclei) what neurotransmitter?

Answer 37

noradrenergic

Question 38

inhibits cerebellar Purkinje cells what neurotransmitter?

Answer 38

GABAergic

Question 39

vertigo occuring only during head motion?

Answer 39

head motion vertigo

Question 40

false sensation that the visual surround is spinning or flowing.

Answer 40

External Vertigo

Question 41

major side effect of vertigo drugs?

Answer 41

major sedation

Question 42

longest duration of activity in vertigo drugs?

Answer 42

piperazines, Meclizine

Question 43

subcutaneous route drug for vertigo?

Answer 43

scopolamine