WEEK 1: NEUROANATOMY (Millares) Flashcards

1
Q

in spinal cord, rostral means what orientation?

A

superior

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2
Q

in spinal cord, caudal means what orientation?

A

inferior

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3
Q

what are the layers of the scalp?

A
skin
connective tissue
aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica)
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium
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4
Q

suture divides the frontal bone and parietal bone

A

coronal suture

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5
Q

divides the parietal bone and temporal bone.

A

superficial temporal line

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6
Q

is the junction of four sutures and the weakest part of the skull.

A

pterion

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7
Q

what artery passes thru the pteryion?

A

middle meningeal artery

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8
Q

a very nice surgical corridor, it provides stress-free entry into the calvarium.

A

pteryion

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9
Q

surgical landmark designed to simultaneously expose the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and the orbit and is classically described near the junction of the frontal, sphenoid, and zygomatic bones.

A

MacCarty Keyhole

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10
Q

4 compartments of the skull base?

A

anterior
middle
posterior
central

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11
Q

anterior border of the anterior compartment of the skull base?

A

posterior aspect of the frontal bone

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12
Q

posterior boundery of anterior compartment of the skull base?

A

wings of sphenoid, anterior clinoid process, and tuberculum sellae

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13
Q

boundaries of the middle cranial fossa?

A

bounded posteriorly by petrous (HARDEST and THICKEST) part of the skull and part of your posterior clinoid process

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14
Q

3 holes in the temporal lobe?

A

Standing room only

foramen spinosum, rotundum. ovale

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15
Q

what exists at spinosum, rotundum and ovale?

A

spinosum - meningeal branch of CN V3, mid meningeal artery
rotundum - Maxillary nerve
ovale - mandibular nerve

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16
Q

posterior cranial fossa what is the boundary posterioly?

A

anterior part of the occipital bone

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17
Q

what exits at the jugular foramen?

A

CN 9, 10, 11 and the jugular vein

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18
Q

cnetral cranial fossa what are hte anterior boundaries?

A

sella turcica and dorsum sella

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19
Q

what exits at optic canal?

A

ophthalmic artery and CN 2

20
Q

what exists at the Superior orbital fissure?

A

Superior ophthalmic V, CN 3, 4, 6, and V1

21
Q

what exists at foramen lacerum?

22
Q

divides the brain into the Temporal lobe (inferiorly), frontal and parietal lobe (superiorly)

A

sylvian fissure/lateral fissure

23
Q

in between the parietal and frontal lobe

A

Rolandic sulcus/ central fissure

24
Q

most dominant/ thickest commisural fiber?>

A

corpus callosum

25
Dural reflection dividing the supratentorial and infratentorial aspects
tentorium cerebelli
26
Dural reflection that divides the Left and Right Hemisphere
falx cerebri
27
homoculus of the brain is located in what gyrus?
primary cortex and the sensory cortex
28
what do you call the subcortical gray matter?
basal ganglia
29
most medial aspect of basal ganglia?
thalamus
30
refers to group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors, and emotions.
basal ganglia
31
white matter structure situated in the infero-medial part of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain. It carries information past the basal nuclei, separating the caudate nucleus and the thalamus form the putamen and the globlus pallidus.
internal capsule
32
most common site of hemorrhagic stroke?
putamen
33
Primary relay and processing center for sensory information and autonomic control
diencephalon
34
blood supply of the diencephalon?
PCA and PCOA
35
The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed as
transverse process
36
The anterior circulation is composed of/subserve by ___________________ and the posterior circulation is subserve by ______________
ICA; | vertebrobasilar
37
first branch of ICA intracranially?
ophthalmic artery
38
connects the anterior circulation to the posterior circulation especially during the embryologic phase of human development
PCOA
39
what originates from the vertebral artery? (4)
Basilar artery, PICA, PSA, ASA
40
in cranial CT Scan, what color is hypodense? and what does it indicate?
Black; Air or CSF or chronic blood
41
in cranial CT Scan, what color is hyperdense? and what does it indicate?
white; Bone, Acute blood
42
in cranial CT Scan, what color is isodense? and what does it indicate?
gray; brain, subacute blood
43
normal ICP for adults?
7-15 cmH20
44
lateral medullary syndrome is caused by a lesion in?
PICA
45
T or F, CSF is approximately 150 cc in volume?
T. 50% intracranial and 50% spinal
46
the midline protrusion of the lamina is the called the
spinous process
47
The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed
Transverse process