WEEK 1: NEUROANATOMY (Millares) Flashcards
in spinal cord, rostral means what orientation?
superior
in spinal cord, caudal means what orientation?
inferior
what are the layers of the scalp?
skin connective tissue aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) Loose areolar tissue Pericranium
suture divides the frontal bone and parietal bone
coronal suture
divides the parietal bone and temporal bone.
superficial temporal line
is the junction of four sutures and the weakest part of the skull.
pterion
what artery passes thru the pteryion?
middle meningeal artery
a very nice surgical corridor, it provides stress-free entry into the calvarium.
pteryion
surgical landmark designed to simultaneously expose the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and the orbit and is classically described near the junction of the frontal, sphenoid, and zygomatic bones.
MacCarty Keyhole
4 compartments of the skull base?
anterior
middle
posterior
central
anterior border of the anterior compartment of the skull base?
posterior aspect of the frontal bone
posterior boundery of anterior compartment of the skull base?
wings of sphenoid, anterior clinoid process, and tuberculum sellae
boundaries of the middle cranial fossa?
bounded posteriorly by petrous (HARDEST and THICKEST) part of the skull and part of your posterior clinoid process
3 holes in the temporal lobe?
Standing room only
foramen spinosum, rotundum. ovale
what exists at spinosum, rotundum and ovale?
spinosum - meningeal branch of CN V3, mid meningeal artery
rotundum - Maxillary nerve
ovale - mandibular nerve
posterior cranial fossa what is the boundary posterioly?
anterior part of the occipital bone
what exits at the jugular foramen?
CN 9, 10, 11 and the jugular vein
cnetral cranial fossa what are hte anterior boundaries?
sella turcica and dorsum sella
what exits at optic canal?
ophthalmic artery and CN 2
what exists at the Superior orbital fissure?
Superior ophthalmic V, CN 3, 4, 6, and V1
what exists at foramen lacerum?
ICA
divides the brain into the Temporal lobe (inferiorly), frontal and parietal lobe (superiorly)
sylvian fissure/lateral fissure
in between the parietal and frontal lobe
Rolandic sulcus/ central fissure
most dominant/ thickest commisural fiber?>
corpus callosum
Dural reflection dividing the supratentorial and infratentorial aspects
tentorium cerebelli
Dural reflection that divides the Left and Right Hemisphere
falx cerebri
homoculus of the brain is located in what gyrus?
primary cortex and the sensory cortex
what do you call the subcortical gray matter?
basal ganglia
most medial aspect of basal ganglia?
thalamus
refers to group of subcortical nuclei
responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles
such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors,
and emotions.
basal ganglia
white matter structure situated in the
infero-medial part of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain.
It carries information past the basal nuclei, separating the
caudate nucleus and the thalamus form the putamen and the
globlus pallidus.
internal capsule
most common site of hemorrhagic stroke?
putamen
Primary relay and processing center for sensory information and autonomic control
diencephalon
blood supply of the diencephalon?
PCA and PCOA
The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed as
transverse process
The anterior circulation is composed of/subserve by ___________________ and the posterior circulation is subserve by ______________
ICA;
vertebrobasilar
first branch of ICA intracranially?
ophthalmic artery
connects the anterior circulation to the posterior circulation especially during the embryologic phase of human development
PCOA
what originates from the vertebral artery? (4)
Basilar artery, PICA, PSA, ASA
in cranial CT Scan, what color is hypodense? and what does it indicate?
Black; Air or CSF or chronic blood
in cranial CT Scan, what color is hyperdense? and what does it indicate?
white; Bone, Acute blood
in cranial CT Scan, what color is isodense? and what does it indicate?
gray; brain, subacute blood
normal ICP for adults?
7-15 cmH20
lateral medullary syndrome is caused by a lesion in?
PICA
T or F, CSF is approximately 150 cc in volume?
T. 50% intracranial and 50% spinal
the midline protrusion of the lamina is the called the
spinous process
The Lateral extension of the lamina are anatomically termed
Transverse process
