TRANS 064: OCD Flashcards
Obsessions refer to___________. Compulsion refers to
________
thoughts;
behavior
These are recurrent thoughts
and persistent thoughts. So, urges or images that are
experienced and these are intrusive and unwanted and it
causes much anxiety or distress.
obsessions
are defined as repetitive behaviors or mental
acts. So, repetitive behaviors, e.g.1, hand washing if I feel like
I’m dirty. Sa iba naman, if their issue is order or symmetry
then that’s what they do they continuously reorder and
reorganize.
Compulsions
diagnostic criteria for Obsessive compulsive D/o
presence of obsessions, compulsions or both
OBS: recurrent and prersistent thoughts etc; attempts to suppres
COMP: repetitive behavior, tapos may pag pigil ulit
time consuming ang obsessions and compulsions niya
no physiological effects of a substance
not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder
what are the symptom subtype of OCD?
Symmetry, exactness, just right
forbidden thoughts or actions
cleaning/contamination
hoarding
OCD vs OCPD?
For a OCPD to be diagnosed this must be a pattern that starts during adolescent period, hinde na sya nastart lang ng adult dapat merong nitong ganitong pattern ever since adolescent period and PDs or personality disorders can be diagnosed sa dapat 18 years old and above.
There is a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental or interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency.
Things has to be done perfectly; it has to be in order. If he cannot control things, it causes that person a lot of anxiety.
OCPD
My way is the right way.
Number 1, preoccupied with details, rules, lists, order, organization, or schedules sometimes to the point that the major part of the activity is lost.
There are some ppl na, “okay, I have a to do list” then isusulat na nila yung mga task nila and then minsan nalolost nila into making sure they write the list perfectly na they’re not able to do what they have to do.
OCPD
age of onset in OCD?
male 13 to 15; females 20 - 24
OCD may be a co morbid disorder of ?
May be co-morbid with Tic Disorder
- Decreased CSF concentration of 5 HIAA (serotonin metabolite)
- Previous streptococcal infection-10-30% Syndenham’s chorea develop OCD
- Altered neurocircuitry on orbitofrontal cortex, caudate and thalamus
- PET scan increased metabolism and blood flow in frontal lobe, caudate/basal ganglia and cingulum
- Significant genetic etiology
- High comorbid anxiety symptoms GAD, body dymorphic, hypochondriasis, eating disorders and depression
these are possible etiology of what disorder?
OCD
what does Thought-action-fusion means?
Just the thought of it equates to it being true
Eg, thinking about liking their brother for them it’s already happening kaya sya very magnified yung impact ng mga thoughts to them
treatment for OCD?
SSRI - high doses
antipsychotics
Behavior therapy
Psychodynamic Pscychotherapy
top 3 most common location of imagined defects in patients with body dysmorphic disorder?
Skin
Hair
Nose
• Uncommon in mental health clinics
o Usually seen first by plastic surgeons and dermatologists
• Affects males and females equally
o Males - body build, genitals, thinning hair
▪ Tend to be more severe
o Females - focus on various body areas
• Age of onset - early adolescence to 20s, peak at 16-17 years
• Poor quality of life, high percentage of past suicide attempts
• May lead to depression and substance abuse
what disorder?
Body Dismorphic Disorder (BDD)
• Cause is unknown
• Steoreotyped concepts of beauty emphasized in certain families and within culture may have an impact
• Psychodynamic theories
o This is the displacement of a sexual or emotional conflict onto a non-related body part
what disorder?
Body dysmorphic disorder
- Usually begins during adolescence
- Onset can be gradual or abrupt
- Long and undulating course with few symptom-free intervals
- Part of body concern focus may remain the same or change over time
what disorder?
BDD
Tx of body dysmorphic disorder
- Plastic / medical/ dental / surgical surgeries – unsuccessful in addressing perceived defects
- Pharmacotherapy – SSRIs, augmented with lithium, or antipsychotics
- Excessive accumulation of items, difficulty discarding anything, living with excessive clutter
- Experience of strong anxiety when throwing away items (potential use or sentimental value)
- Hoarding behavior not deemed to be a problem, part of their identity
- 2-5% of population
- Begins in early life and gets worse through the years Come for treatment late, usually 50s
- Affects males and females equall
what disorder?
Hoarding Disorder
- A. Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value.
- B. The difficulty is due to a perceived need to save the items and to distress associated with discarding them.
- C. The difficulty discarding possessions results in the accumulation of possessions that congest and clutter active living areas and substantially compromises their intended use. If living areas are uncluttered, it is only because of the interventions of third parties (e.g., family members, cleaners, authorities.
what disorder?
Hoarding disorder
Treatment for Hoarding disorder?
• Poor response to treatment: 18%
• SSRIs - some responded, some did not
• Most effective: CBT
o Training in decision-making and categorizing
o Exposure and habituation to discarding
o Cognitive restructuring
o Goal: to balance amount of possessions and living space
- Experience sense of tension and achieve a sense of release or gratification after pulling out their hair
- Not painful
TRICHOTILLOMANIA (HAIR-PULLING DISORDER)
Focused Pulling vs Automatic Pulling
Focused pulling - use of an intentional act to control unpleasant personal experiences, such as an urge, bodily sensation or thought
Automatic pulling - occurs outside the person’s awareness and most often during sedentary activities
self-mutilation activities that may be present in trichotillomania?
Head banging, nail biting, scratching, gnawing, exocriation and other self-mutilation
