week 10 lecture 2

Question 1

what is autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 1

sudden onset of excessivly high blood presure - more commin in people with injuris T6 or above

Question 2

what causes autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 2

overactive ANS originated below level of SCI due to a trigger

Question 3

what is the pathphysiology of autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 3

nerve impulse travels up SC until blocked by lesion
relfex resopnes activated below injury level and vascular constriction
overal HTN triggered inhibitory response from brain to promoate vasodilation
signal cant pass below level of injury
unapossed vasodilation above injury point and vasoconstriction below injury point

Question 4

what are the common triggers fro autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 4

overfull bladder -UTIs
overfull bowels - constipation
pressure injuries - ingrown nails, skin problems
truma
tight clothing/devices
extreme tempreture or quick temp changes

Question 5

what are the signs and symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia?

Answer 5

pounding headache
flused face or red blotches
swearting above injury
nausea
bradycardia
goosebumps below injury
cool plae clammy below injury

Question 6

what are motor neuron diseases?

Answer 6

group of diseases in which neurons undergo degerneration and die
rapidly progressive and incurable

Question 7

what causes motor neuron diseases?

Answer 7

unknown
exposure to viruses, toxins, chemicals, inflammation and damage to nurones due to immune response
nerve growth factors
gene mutations
hereditary

Question 8

what is the presenstation of motor neuron disease?

Answer 8

often begins in hands, feet and voice
develop generalsied paralysis, loose speach and have difficulty swallowing, become breathless and experice sleep disturbances, experience mild cognition and behavioural change

Question 9

what is multiple sclarosis?

Answer 9

autoimmune disease that attacks central nervous system
damaged myelin due to demylenation causes inflamation and scarring interferring with impulses withing brain, spinal chord and optic nerves

Question 10

what are the different classifications of MS?

Answer 10

relapsing-remitting MS - most common clearlt defined attacks followed by periods of recovory

Secodnary progressive MS - condition follows a history of worsening RRMS after original diagnosis

Primary progressive PPMS - the condition follows progressive course from onset, chearterised by worsening neruological function in the absence of exacerbation periods

Question 11

what are the symptoms of MS? motor

Answer 11

motor control - difficulties wlaking, balnces, cordiantion, muscle spasms, tremors, muscle weakness, difficulty speakinf, dysphasia, breathing difficulties

Question 12

what are the symptoms of MS? fatigue

Answer 12

extreme lethagy often in combination with heat sensitivity

Question 13

what are the symptoms of MS? neurological

Answer 13

visual distrubances, altered sensation, neurological pain, snesitivity

Question 14

what are the symptoms of MS? elimintion

Answer 14

incontenence, frequency, less urgency, constipation, diarriaha

Question 15

what are the symptoms of MS? neuro-physical

Answer 15

impared memory and concerntration, change in processing speed abilites, impared cognitive function, moood changes

Question 16

what is down syndrome?

Answer 16

condition characterised by a chromosomal abnormaility where there is an extra 21st chromosome

Question 17

how do people with down syndrome present?

Answer 17

characteristic facial features, crowth delays, common health and developmental changes, inteleectual disability

Question 18

what are some common medical and health issues expericend by people with down syndrome?

Answer 18

narrow nasal passages URTI
narrow eustachian tubes - ear infections
visual defects, teeth and gum issues, skin and hair issues,
reduced muscle tone, reduced pain expression,