Vulval Cancer

Question 1

Symptoms of vulva cancer?

Answer 1

Pain
Itch
Bleeding
Lump/ulcer

Question 2

Which age group are more likely to get vulva cancer?

Answer 2

Older age, 75% > 60

->however, age can range from late twenties until late nineties

Question 3

Risk factors of vulva cancer?

Answer 3

Intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer at other lower genital tract site
Lichen sclerosis
Smoking
Immunosuppression

Question 4

What are the two different pathways of vulva cancer?

Answer 4

HPV related
Non-HPV related

Question 5

Who would be more likely to develop HPV related vulva cancer?

Answer 5

Younger women
Immunosuppressed

-?older women tend to have non-HPV related vulva cancer

Question 6

HPV related vulva cancer can be multizonal. What does this mean?

Answer 6

Can affect other anatomical sites such as vagina, perianal skin, anal mucosa

Question 7

What is a pre-disposing factor for non-HPV related vulva cancer?

Answer 7

Lichen scleorosus

Question 8

Stage 1 of vulva cancer?

Answer 8

<2cm size

Question 9

Stage 2 of vulva cancer?

Answer 9

> 2cm size

Question 10

Stage 3 of vulva cancer?

Answer 10

Local spread, risk of infecting lymph nodes

Question 11

Stage 4 of vulva cancer?

Answer 11

Distant metastasis

Question 12

Which types of biopsy may be done for diagnosis of vulva cancer?

Answer 12

Punch biopsy
Excisional biopsy

Question 13

Treatment of vulva cancer?

Answer 13

Surgery- local excision, unilateral or bilateral node dissection
Radiotherapy/chemotherapy

Question 14

Groin node dissection allows for staging and removal of nodal disease. In a groin node dissection, which nodes are removed?

Answer 14

Inguinal and upper femoral nodes

Question 15

What are some of the complications of groin wound dissection?

Answer 15

Wound infection
Lymphocysts
Nerve damage

Question 16

Prognosis of vulva cancer?

Answer 16

Good, even stage 4 has 50% survival rate