Secondary Amenorrhoea and Menopause Flashcards
Average age of menopause?
51
Premature menopause?
Last period at 40yrs or less
Which hormon3 rises in menopause?
FSH
What may cause sudden menopause?
Oophrectomy
Radiotherapy or chemotherapy affecting ovaries
Symptoms of menopause?
Hot flushes
Night sweats
Vaginally dryness
Muscle or joint aches
Mood changes
When may menopause changes occur?
1-2yrs before
Usually lasts 2-5yrs after but may be more than 10yrs
Which silent change can occur either menopause?
Osteoporosis
Risk factors for osteoporosis?
Smoking
Malabsorption of vitamin D or calcium
Oral corticosteroids
Hyperthyroid
FH
Thin
Caucasian
Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis?
Weight bearing exercise
Adequate calcium & vitD
Bisphosphonates
Which drug ca be given to manage menopausal symptoms?
HRT
What type of HRT can be given for vaginally symptoms of menopause?
Oestrogen pessary, ring or cream
->need to use longterm to maintain benefit
What are some of the systemic oestrogen HRT options?
Patch
Gel
Oral
What are some of the contraindications to systemic HRT?
Current Hormone dependant cancer- breast/endometrium
Current active liver disease
Uninvestigated abnormal vaginal bleeding
->seek advice if previous VTE, thrombophilia, breast cancer BRCA carrier, FH VTE.
Contraindications for vaginal HRT?
Women on aromatase inhibitor treatment for breast cancer
Benefits of HRT?
Helps symptoms of menopause
Reduces risks of osteoporosis
