Ovarian Pathology and Ovarian Cancer Flashcards
List some of the high risk families syndromes which increase risks of ovarian cancer.
HNPCC/Lynch syndrome
BRCA1
BRCA2
What is another RF of ovarian cancer?
Women who haven’t had children
Where can ovarian cancer originate from?
Fallopian tubes
Pre-existing benign ovarian cysts
RECAP- what is the role of the pathology team in ovarian cancer?
Determine the type of tumour, the tumour grade, tumour stage
This helps with diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for the patient
What are the symptoms of ovarian cancer?
Vague symptoms!!
Indigestion/early satiety/poor appetite
Altered bowel habit/pain
Bloating/discomfort/weight loss
Pelvic mass- asymptomatic or pressure symptoms e.g. bladder dysfunction, getting up to the toilet in the night
How is a diagnosis of ovarian cancer made?
Surgical/pathological based
US scan abdomen and pelvis
CT scan
CA 125
What is the ovarian related tumour marker?
CA 125
->important to note not only raised in ovarian cancer
When else may CA 125 be raised?
Malignancy- ovarian, colon, pancreas, breast
Menstruation
Endometriosis
Liver disease
Recent surgery
What does stage 1 of ovarian cancer mean?
Cancer limited to ovaries with capsule intact
What does stage 2 of ovarian cancer mean?
Cancer of one or both ovaries with pelvic extension
What does stage 3 of ovarian cancer mean?
Cancer of one or both ovaries with peritoneal implants outside pelvis
What does stage 4 of ovarian cancer mean?
Distant metastasis
Treatment of ovarian cancer?
Chemotherapy
Surgery
->chemo can be adjuvant or neo-adjuvant
In surgery for ovarian cancer, what is the point of the surgery?
To clear the disease
To obtain tissue diagnosis
To stage the disease
What is first line chemo for ovarian cancer?
Platinum and taxane, within 8wks of surgery
->cure unlikely by there can be complete or partial response. Average response is two years
Which targeted therapies can be used in treatment of ovarian cancer?
PARPi (Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase Inhibitors
Name three PARPi which has been approved for use in Scotland.
Olaparib
Niraparib
Rucaparib
What can be done in treatment/management of patients with a reoccurrence of ovarian cancer?
->reoccurrence is common
Chemo
Palliative care
Surgery in some
Tamoxifen
