History and Examination in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Flashcards
Which questions do you always need to ask in an obs and gynae history?
Last menstrual period
Last smear
Cycle length
What age groups get smear tests?
25-65
->thanks summarising summer job xoxo
What is the function of the smear test?
To identify any abnormal cells in the cervix which have the potential to become cancerous
Menorrhagia?
Heavy periods
->can be known as HMB- heavy menstrual bleeding
One of the main risk factors of prolapse?
Lots of children
80% of wombs face in which direcetion?
Forward- anteverted
20% of wombs face in which direction?
Backwards- retroverted
What is meant by cervical excitation?
Clinical sign which may be seen on vaginal examination .
Involves moving the cervix and noting a type of pain- if you move to one side and it’s sore, it is the opposite fallopian tube which has the problem.
In which cases may there by cervical excitation?
Pelvic infection
Ectopic pregnancy
Which instruments may be used in vaginal examination?
Cusco speculum- most common
U speculum
Using a speculum on vaginal examination may allow you to identify what features?
Cervical cancers
Polyps
Parity?
Number of births a women has had
->but could mean stillbirth/child has died shortly after
Gravity?
Number of times a person has been pregnant, regardless of outcomes
Describe what would be meant by para2+1.
Para2+1
-first number is birth after 24wks, may include stillbirth or child who has died shortly after
-second number (+ number) number of deliveries <24wks, miscarriages, abortions, etc.
So, Para2+1 means this person has had two babies after 24wks (note that both may not be alive etc.) and one before 24wks.
In an obstetric history, what might you be specifically interested in during FH?
Genetic history
->to identify risks of genetics disorders being passed onto the child
