Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards
Which microorganism causes gonorrhoea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
->hi, just a note, don’t make many notes until the last few summary flashcards :) will save you a lot of time as a lot of these are similar. Maybe note down treatments as this varies xx
Symptoms of gonorrhoea?
Men:
- thick, yellow discharge
-dysuria
Women:
-vaginal discharge
-dysuria
-intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding
->10% of males are asymptomatic, 50% of females are asymptomatic
What is a potential complication of gonorrhoea in men?
Epididymitis
What is a potential complication of gonorrhoea in women?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Bartholin’s abscess
Diagnosis of gonorrhoea?
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) on urine or swab from vagina, rectum, throat
Treatment of gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone
What microorganism causes chlamydia?
Chlamydia trachomatis serovars D to K
Symptoms of chlamydia in men?
Slight watery discharge, dysuria
> 70% asymptomatic
Symptoms of chlamydia in women?
Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding
> 80% asymptomatic
Potential complication of chlamydia in men?
Epididymitis
Potential complication of chlamydia in women?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic pain
Infertility
Diagnosis of chlamydia?
First void urine testing in men
Self-taken or clinician-taken swab from cervix/urethra/rectum as appropriate
Treatment of chlamydia?
Doxycycline
Azithromycin if pregnant
Which microorganism causes mycoplasma genitalium?
M genitalium
Symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in men?
Slight watery discharge
Dysuria
> 90% asymptomatic
Symptoms of mycoplasma genitalium in females?
Vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Post-coital/intermenstrual bleeding.
50% asymptomatic
Complications of mycoplasma genitalium in men?
None confirmed. Possibly epididymitis
Complications of mycoplasma genitalium in females?
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Preterm birth
Miscarriage
Infertility
Diagnosis of mycoplasma genitalium?
First urine void in men
Swab in women
Treatment of mycoplasma genitalium?
Doxycycline
If resistant, moxifloxacin
Which microorganism causes Herpes?
Herpes Simplex Virus- type 1 and 2
Symptoms of herpes?
Recurring symptoms- burning/itching then blistering then tender ulceration
->make note of this as different to the other STI’s discussed
Complications of herpes?
Autonomic neuropathy (urinary retention)
Neonatal infection
Secondary infection
->make note as different
Diagnosis of herpes?
Clinical impression
Swab from lesion tested using PCR
Treatment of Herpes?
Aciclovir
->worth noting different quantities for primary outbreak/ secondary outbreak/ frequent reoccurrence
Which microorganism causes Trichomoniasis?
Trichomonas vaginalis
Symptoms of Trichomoniasis?
Men usually asymptomatic
Women: profuse thin vaginal discharge, green, frothy and foul smelling
Complications of Trichomoniasis?
Miscarriage and preterm labour
Diagnosis of Trichomoniasis?
PCR on vaginal swab
Treatment of Trichomoniasis?
Metronidazole
Which microorganism causes anogenital warts?
HPV types 6 and 11
Symptoms of anogenital warts?
Lumps with surface texture of cauliflower
Occasional itching or bleeding, especially if perianal or intraurethral
Complications of anogenital warts?
None common. Laryngeal papillomatosis
Diagnosis of anogenital warts?
Appearance
Biopsy if unusual
Treatment of anogenital warts?
Podophyllotoxin
Bulky warts- diathermy, scissor removal
Which microorganism causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum
Symptoms of syphilis?
Diverse
Primary- local ulcer
Secondary- rash, skin changes
Latent stages- no symptoms
Tertiary- neurological, cardiovascular or gummatous- skin lesions (all v rare)
Complications of syphilis?
Neurosyphilis- cranial nerve palsies are most common
Diagnosis of syphilis?
Clinical signs
Serology
PCR on sample from ulcer
Treatment of syphilis?
Benzathine penicillin or doxycycline
Okay, so, to summarise, a lot of STI’s can be asymptomatic. But a lot have very similar symptoms, like gonorrhoea, chlamydia and mycoplasma genitalium. What are these shared symptoms?
Discharge
Dysuria
In women, post-coital/ intermenstrual bleeding
