VTI (Weeks 4-5) Flashcards
Aaniin ekidong…
What did you do last weekend?
I _____?
Aaniin gaa-izhichigeyan gii-anwebing?
Ingii-_____.
Grammar Question!
What is a VTI verb?
A verb where something animate “verbs” something inanimate. (“She eats it.” vs “She eats.”–VTA)
Grammar Question!
What is the difference between the verbs “wiisini” and “miijin”?
“Wiisini” is a VTA meaning “S/he eats.”
“Miijin” is a VTI meaning “Eat it!” (Requires a preverb)
Aaniin ekidong…
Johnny is eating.
Johnny is eating wild rice.
What category is each verb in?
Wiisini a’aw Johnny.
Manoomin omiijin a’aw Johnny.
Wiisini = VAI; Miijin = VTI
Grammar Question!
What are the three singular “pointer words” for animate nouns?
wa’aw (this one)
a’aw (that one)
awedi (that one over there)
Grammar Question!
What are the three singular “pointer words” for inanimate nouns?
o’ow (this one)
i’iw (that one)
iwedi (that one over there)
Grammar Question@
What letter do all VTI verbs end in?
What are the two most common endings that end with that letter?
-n
-an, -oon
Grammar Question!
What preverbs are added to VTIs
for niin, giin, and wiin?
How is this different from VAI preverbs?
Ni/In, Gi, O/Od
For VAIs there is no Wiin preverb “O”
Grammar Question!
Name 5 (or more!) VTIs that end with -an
Could you conjugate any of these into Niin, Giin, and Wiin for A-keyaa?
- Minwendan (Like it!)
- Gikendan (Know it!)
- Bizindaan (Listen to it!)
- Mikwendan (Remember it! Find it in your mind!)
- Minjimendan (Remember it! Hold it in your mind!)
- Jiibaakwaadan (Cook it!)
- Giizizan (Cook it!)
- Dazhiikan (Work on it!)
- Dazhindan (Talk about it!)
“It” in all these cases is inanimate/gegoo
Grammar Question!
Name 2 (or more!) VTIs that end in -oon
Could you conjugate any of these into Niin, Giin, and Wiin for A-keyaa?
- Aabajitoon (Use it!)
- Zaagitoon (Love it!)
- Ozhitoon (Make it!)
- Gashkitoon (Be able to do it!)
- Apagidoon (Throw it!)
- Baapitoon (Laugh at it!)
“It” in all these cases is inanimate/gegoo
Grammar Question!
What two VTIs end in -in?
Could you conjugate any of these into Niin, Giin, and Wiin for A-keyaa?
- Miijin (Eat it!)
- Naadin (Go get it!)
“It” here is gegoo
What two VTIs end in -aan?
Could you conjugate any of these into Niin, Giin, and Wiin for A-keyaa?
- Ayaan (Have/own it!)
- Gidaan (Eat it all up!)
“It” here is gegoo
Grammar Question!
What happens to the “o” in “Oshitoon” (Make it!) when conjugated for niin, giin, and wiin?
It becomes “Oo”
- Indoozhitoon (I make it)
- Gidoozhitoon (You make it)
- Odoozhitoon (S/he makes it)
Grammar Question!
How do you conjugate “Baapitoon” (Laugh at it!) for Niin, Giin, and Wiin in A-keyaa?
Nibaapitoon (I’m laughing at it.)
Gibaapitoon (You’re laughing at it.)
Obaapitoon (S/he is laughing at it.)
Aaniin ekidong…
Day (as in day of the week)
What are the days of the week in all Anishinaabeg communities? (Trick Question)
Giizhigad
It depends!
Grammar Question!
How can you convert a VAI that ends in -am like Minwendam into a VTI?
Can you conjugate this VTI verb for niin, giin, and wiin?
Change the ending to -an (-aan when conjugated)
(ex. Minwendam “S/he is happy” becomes Minwendan “Like it!)
Niminwendaan, Giminwendaan, Ominwendaan
Grammar Question!
How would you turn the VAI “Gikendam” (S/he knows) into a VTI (She knows it)?
Can you conjugate it for wiin?
Gikendam becomes Gikendan
Ogikendaan (a doubles!)
Aaniin ekidong…
I am eating. S/he is eating it.
What about You are eating it. S/he is eating. ?
Niwiisin. Omiijin.
Gimiijin. Wiisini.
Grammar Question!
How would you conjugate “Ayaan” (Have/own it!) for wiin, giin, and niin?
Odayaan (S/he owns it.)
Gidayaan (You own it.)
Nidayaan (I own it.)
Aaniin ekidong…
Just one
What about “more than one”?
Bezhig eta
Awashime bezhig
Aaniin ekidong…
Also/Too
gaye (or igaye, ge, ige)
Aaniin ekidong…
And/again
Miinawaa
Aaniin ekidong…
All/Every
akina (or gakina)
Aaniin ekidong…
nothing
everything
everybody
gaawiin gegoo
akina gegoo
akina awiya
Grammar Question!
What is the plural form of giigidoobiiwaabikoons? (cell phone)
Giigidoobiiwaabikoonsan
Aaniin ekidong…
I lost it.
You lost it.
S/he lost it.
What about “I lost them”?
Niwanitoon.
Giwanitoon.
Owanitoon.
Niwanitoonan.
Translate:
- Gegoo ingii-miijin.
- Gegoo indayaan.
- Gegoo onaadin.
What is the difference between “gegoo” and “gego”?
- I ate something.
- I have something.
- S/he is going to get something.
“Gegoo” = inanimate something; “Gego” = “don’t!”
Translate:
Niwanitoonan giigidoobiiwaabikoonsan.
What do both -an endings imply?
I lost the cell phones.
The noun is plural, so the VTI verb must take a plural ending too.
Aaniin ekidong…
What do you like to do?
I like to ____ (I like it when ____)
Wengonen menwendaman izhichigeyan?
Niminwendaan + bkeyaa
Aaniin ekidong…
What else?
Is that so? Me too!
Wengonen gaye?
I’iw ina? Geniin!
Translate:
Aaniin gaa-izhichigeyan gii-anwebing?
Ingii-anokii.
How does the meaning change if “Ingii-anokii” becomes “Ingii-o-anokii”?
What did you do last weekend?
I worked.
“I worked” becomes “I went to work” because “o” is a directional preverb meaning “go to”
Grammar Question!
What are the wiin, giin, and niin endings
for VTIs in B-keyaa?
What if the noun is plural? Does the verb require a plural ending in B-keyaa? A-keyaa?
–ng
-an
-aan
If it’s plural in A-keyaa the VTI takes an ending, but not in B-keyaa!
Aanin ekidong…
- S/he is handing it back.
- S/he is handing them back.
- when s/he hands it back
- when s/he hands them back
azhenan = VTi verb “Hand it back!”
Take time to explain each preverb and ending.
- Odazhenaan.
- Odazhenaanan.
- azhenang
- azhenang
O preverb means wiin for VTIs, no preverb means it’s in Bkeyaa
-an ending means noun is plural; -ng ending means wiin bkeyaa in pl and sing
Aaniin ekidong…
When you have it…
What about “When you have them…”?
Ayaaman…
B-keyaa
Same thing–plurals in b-keyaa take no ending
Aaniin ekidong…
- I have it
- I have them
- when I have it
- when I have them
ayaan = VTI “have it!”
How does the verb ending change in b-keyaa?
- Nidayaan.
- Nidayaanan.
- ayaamaan
- ayaamaan
-an becomes -am in b-keyaa
Grammar question!
Translate the following:
- ayaang
- ayaaman
- ayaamaan
What would these be in A-keyaa?
- when s/he has it/them
- when you have it/them
- when I have it/them
- Odayaan(an) “S/he has it (them)”
- Gidayaan(an) “You have it (them)”
- Nidayaan(an) “I have it (them)”
Grammar Question!
How would you conjugate “Mazinitoon” (Decorate it!) for wiin, giin, and niin in A-keyaa singular?
How would you make these plural?
Omazinitoon. (S/he is decorating it.)
Gimazinitoon. (You are decorating it.)
Nimazinitoon. (I am decorating it.)
Add -an to each one
Grammar Question!
Turn each of these into b-keyaa:
- Omazinitoon “S/he is decorating it.”
- Gimazinitoon “You are decorating it.”
- Nimazinitoon “I am decorating it.”
How would you make the b-keyas plural?
- mazinitood (when s/he decorates it)
- mazinitooyan (when you decorate it)
- mazinitooyaan (when I decorate it)
Trick question. The endings are the same for pl. and sing. in b-keyaa.
Grammar Question!
Turn each of these into b-keyaa:
- Omiijin “S/he is eating it”
- Gimiijin “You are eating it”
- Nimiijin “I am eating it”
How would you make the A-keyaas plural? The B-keyaas?
- miijid (when s/he eats it)
- miigiyan (when you eat it)
- miigiyaan (when I eat it)
A-keyaas add -an; B-keyas don’t take a plural ending
Translate:
Ingii-miijinan ziinzibaakwadoonsan.
Why are there two -an endings?
I ate the candies.
Because in A-keyaa the verb needs a plural ending if the noun is plural.
Grammar Question!
How do you make nouns “belong” to someone?
Hint: add a prefix
Can you give an example with the word “abwi” meaning “paddle” for wiin, giin, and niin?
Add o-, gi-, and ni-
odabwi, gidabwi, nindabwi
Aaniin ekidong…
My nose
What about h/ nose?
Nijaanzh
ojaanzh
Grammar Question
How would you say “anokii” (S/he works) in b-keyaa and c-keyaa?
anokii –> anokiid –> enokiid
Grammar Question
For c-keyaa, the first vowel becomes what?
- a –>
- i –>
- o –>
What is the process for turning a verb into C-keyaa?
- a –> e
- i –> e
- o –> we
Change it into b-keyaa then change the first vowel.
Grammar Question!
Turn “wiisini” (S/he eats) into c-keyaa
wiisini –> wiisinid –> waasinid “the eater”
Grammar Question!
Turn “boogidi” (S/he farts) into C-Keyaa
boogidi –> boogidid –> bwaagidid “the farter”
Grammar Question!
Turn “gichi-wiisini” (S/he eats a lot) into C-keyaa
gichi-wiisini –> gichi-wiisinid –>
gechi-wiisinid “the big eater”
Translate:
- Ekidod
- Gaa-ikidoyaan
Are these in A- B- or C-keyaa?
- “What s/he says”
- “What I said”
C-Keyaa
Grammar Question!
Name 3 uses for C-keyaa
How do the preverbs “ishkwaa” and “giizhi” relate to this question?
-To ask a question that isn’t y/n
-To turn a verb into a noun
-To draw out something with a built in end point that happened in the past (ex. Degoshinaan = Once/As soon as I arrived…)
They are other ways that speakers put an end point on a verb in the past. “Ishkwaa-“ means “stop/quit doing something” and “giizhi” means “finish doing someting”.
Translate:
Nimaw agindamaan i’iw mazina’igan.
Are the verbs in A- B- or C- keyaa?
I cry when I read that book.
A, B
Aaniin ekidong…
Thank you for…
Can you give an example?
Miigwech + B-keyaa
Miigwech ozhitooyan. “Thank you for making it.”
Translate:
Giishpin ayaaman, niwii-aabajitoon.
Are the verbs in A- B- or C- keyaa?
If you have it, I want to use it.
B, A
Aaniin ekidong…
- Who?
- What?
- Where?
- When?
- Why?
Bonus! How many?
- Awenen?
- Wegonen/Aaniin?
- Aandi?
- Aaniin apii?
- Aaniin dash?
Aaniin minik?
Translate:
Aaniin apii bekadeyan?
Is the verb in A- B- or C- keyaa? Is it wiin, giin, or niin?
When are you hungry?
C, giin
Translate:
Aaniin apii bekaded?
Is the verb in A- B- or C- keyaa? Is it wiin, giin, or niin?
When is s/he hungry?
C, wiin
Translate:
Awenen bekaded?
Is the verb in A- B- or C- keyaa? Is it wiin, giin, or niin?
Who is hungry?
C, wiin
Translate:
Awenen gaa-miijid?
Is the verb in A- B- or C- keyaa? Is it wiin, giin, or niin?
Who ate it?
C, wiin
Translate:
Aaniin apii enokiiyan?
Is the verb in A- B- or C- keyaa? Is it wiin, giin, or niin?
When are you working?
C, giin
Grammar Question!
What do the following verbs have in common?
- Miijin.
- Naadin.
- Ayaan.
- Gidaan.
What do they mean?
They are the 4 irregular VTIs (don’t end in -an or -oon)
- Eat it! 2. Go get it! 3. Have it! 4. Eat it all up!
Grammar question!
Answer the following 3 questions for the senence below:
- Is it A B or C keyaa?
- Is it for niin, giin, or wiin?
- Is it in past, present, or future tense?
Ogii-mazinibii’aan indengwaan ‘a giwiiwizhenzhish.
- A
- wiin
- past
“That little boy sketched my face.”
Aaniin ekidong…
- S/he likes it.
- S/he likes them.
- when s/he likes it/them
- Ominwendaan.
- Ominwendaanan.
- minwendang
Aaniin ekidong…
- S/he has it
- S/he has them
- when s/he has it/them
- Odayaan
- Odayaanan
- ayaang
Aaniin ekidong…
- You eat it
- You eat them
- when you eat it/them
- Gimiijin.
- Gimiijinan.
- miijiyan
Aaniin ekidong…
- when I like it/them
- when I eat it/them
- when you have it/them
- minwendamaan
- miijiyaan
- ayaaman
Grammar question!
Which short vowel does NOT become “E” in c-keyaa? (A, I, or O). What does it become instead?
O (it becomes “we”)
Grammar Question!
Match the long vowel to what it becomes in C keyaa form:
aa –> waa
ii –> aye
oo –> aa
e –> ayaa
aa –> ayaa
ii –> aa
oo –> waa
e –> aye
Aaniin ekidong…
What did you eat this morning?
Is this in A B or C keyaa?
Wengonen gaa-miijiyan zhebaa?
C
Grammar question!
Turn the VTI “Waabandan.” (See it!) into b keyaa for niin, giin, and wiin.
- Waabandamaan
- Waabandaman
- Wabandang
Grammar Question!
Turn the VTI “Mikwendan.” (Remember it!) into b keyaa for niin, giin, and wiin.
- Mikwendamaan
- Mikwendaman
- Mikwendang
Turn the VTI “Biidoon.” (Bring it!) into b keyaa for niin, giin, and wiin.
- Biidooyaan
- Biidooyan
- Biidood
Grammar Question!
Turn the VTI “Gashkitoon.” (Be able to do it it!) into b keyaa for niin, giin, and wiin.
- Gashkitooyaan.
- Gashkitooyan.
- Gashkitood.
Grammar Question!
In wiin format, a VTI takes what ending to make it bkeyaa?
- if it ends in -an?
- if it ends in -oon?
- ng
- d
