Ojibwe Year 3 Grammar Patterns Flashcards
“I asked h/ again.”
Miinawaa ingii-kagwejimaa.
“That’s when h/ sang again.”
Mii miinawaa gaa-izhi-nagamod.
“Let me go in too!”
Maanoo gayeniin inga-biindige.
“I want to go, but I’m broke.”
Niwii-izhaa. Imbiigoshkaa dash.
Ziiginigewigamigong ingii-izhaa. Gaawiin dash ingii-minikwesiin.
“I went to the war, but I didn’t drink.”
Giishpin bakadeyan, gidaa-wiisin.
“If you’re hungry, you should eat.”
“I haven’t asked h/ to see if s/he’s coming.”
Gaawiin nigagwejimaasiin giishpin waa-pi-izhaagwen.
Gaawiin ni-wii-adaawesiin giishpin ishpagindeg.
“I don’t want to buy it if it’s expensive.”
Before
Jibwaa + bform
“Please call me before you leave.”
Daga bi-ganoozhishin jibwaa-maajaayan.
Ingii-kanoonaa Awanigaabaw jibwaa-maajaad.
“I called Awanigaabaw before he left.”
Finish these rules when trying to say “after”:
- For past events, use ?
- For present tense, use ?
- If the verb is a process verb (doesn’t imply an ending) use ?
- Initial Change on the verb
- regular b form
- the ‘stop’ preverb ishkwaa-
“I called you after I found your phone.”
Gigii-pi-ganoonin gaa-mikamaan gigiigidobiiwaabikoonsim.
“I fell asleep after I got done eating.”
Ingii-kawingwash gaa-ishkwaa-wiisiniyaan.
“Call me once you get home.”
Bi-ganoozhishin dagoshinan imaa endaayan.
Giizhi-wiisiniyang, giga-maajaamin.
“When we’re finished eating, we’ll leave.”
“in order to, if, whether (or not), so that”
ji + b form
Zhooniyaa na gidaa-adaawamin ji-adaaweyaan chicken nuggets?
Can I borrow some money so I can buy chicken nuggets?
“Do you know if there are any Anishinaabeg anywhere?”
Lit: Don’t you know whether…
Gaawiin ina ningoji anishinaabeg gigikenimaasiig ji-ayaawaad?
“I’ll ask to see if they (pl) have more water.”
Inga-gagwedwe nawaj nibi ji-ayaamowaad.
“a singer”
negamod
(initial change on nagamo)
“the one who wants to eat”
waa-wiisinid
“the one who will eat”
ge-wiisinid
negamojig OR negomowaad
“singers” (the ones who sing)
-pl anim noun ending or pl verb ending
because
Onzaam + A form
“I don’t want to go, because I’m broke.”
Gaawiin niwii-izhaasiin. Onzaam imbiigoshkaa.
“too” as in “too much”
also onzaam
“It was too hot.”
Onzaam gii-gizhaate.
“That’s why…”
Mii wenji-bform
Mii wenji-aanawewiziyan.
“That’s why you fail.”
“I’m asking you because I don’t understand.” (lit: I don’t understand is why I’m asking you.)
Gaawiin ninisidotanziin wenji-gagwejiminaan.
“He got mad. That’s why he left.”
Gii-nizhkaadizi. Mii gaa-onji-maajaad.
“I wish I was filthy rich too.”
Begish geniin chi-daniyaan.
“And then __”
Gaa-izhi-bform
“After she kissed him, she ran away.”
Gaa-ojimaad, gaa-izhi-ginjiba’iwed.
“After she finished, she went in.”
Gaazhiitaad, mii gaa-izhi-bindiged.
“While”
Megwaa + bform
Megwaa babaamaazhagaamed, mii gaa-izhi-nagishkawaad akiwenziiyan.
“While h/ was walking around on the shore, h/ met a man.”
True or False? Megwaa is typically tenseless, doesn’t take gii-, etc.
True
“I read while she slept.”
Ingii-agindaas megwaa gii-nibaad.
“While the opportunity or condition exists”
ezhkwaa + bform
“I wanted to ask something while you’re here.”
Gegoo gidaana-wii-kagwejimin eshkwaa omaa ayaayan.
Gaawiin niwii-izhaasiin eshkwaa imaa ayaad niwebiniganish.
“I don’t want to go while my ex is there.”
True or False? Eshkwaa is the bform of ishkwaa.
False. Eshkwaa (while) and Ishkwaa (finish) are unrelated.
“Even though”
“although”
Aanawi-go
Describe the difference between
- Aanawi-go + aform
- Aanawi-go + bform
- “Even though” it’s done in vain
- “Even though” you can’t unsuccessfully do it
Imbizindawaa geyaabi gegoo ikidod aanawi-go ingodwaasimidana awashime daso-biboonagiziyaan.
Is the verb in A or B form? Why?
I still listen when s/he says something, even though I’m over 60 years old.
B form, because you can’t unsuccessfully be 60
Aanawi dash wiin gaye nishwaaswaak nindiba’amawaanaan endaso-ningo-gikinoonowingak, miinoj moozhag adaawed iw netaawigitood.
Is the verb in A or B form? Why?
Even though we pay him eight hundred dollars every year, he sells all he raises.
A form because you tried in vain
“Even if”
Misawaa + Bform
“Don’t say ‘I know’, even if you know what s/he’s going to say to you.”
Gego ikidoken, ‘ingikendaan’, misawaa-go gikendaman waa-inik
“Have to”
Booch
Complete each use of “Booch”
- present tense, future possible
- habitual occurrence
- single occurrence, happening now
- past, single occurrence
- Booch ji+bform
- Booch +bform
- Booch + aform
- Booch gii+aform
“I have to work.”
Booch ji-anokiiyaan.
“It always rains when someone passes away.”
Booch gimiwang banaadizid awiya.
“Sure I know it.”
“Of course I know it.”
Booch ingikendaan.
“I had to work.”
Booch ingii-anokii.
“Anyway”
Booch + A form
Gaawiin nibagidinigoosiin ji-sagaswaayaan. Booch indizhichige.
“They don’t allow me to smoke. I smoke anyway.”
?
?
Describe the difference between:
- Gagwe-
- Aana-wii+verb
- Aana-gii+verb
- preverb “try to”
- Wanted to, but was unsuccessful
- Tried to (past), but it didn’t work
“I’m learning Ojibwe.”
(Lit: “I’m trying to know.”)
Nigagwe-gikendaan Ojibwemowin.
“I wanted to ask you something.”
Gegoo gidaana-wii-kagwejimin.
“I tried to tell you.”
Gidaana-gii-inin.
“Ever since”
Gaa-ako+bform
“Ever since I fired him, he’s been mad at me.”
Gaa-ako-ishkwaataa’ag, ninishkaadiziitaag.
What are the 4 ways to say “I can’t”?
- Gaawiin nigashkitoosiin
- Bwaawi- (preverb)
- Nibwaanawitoon wii-
- Daa- (preverb)
“I can’t get it to work.”
Gaawiin ingashkitoosiin ji-anokiimagak.
S/he can’t throw it (smth animate).
As in, she’s not able to, lacks the ability.
Obwaawi-webinaan.
“I can’t loan you any money.”
Gaawiin gidaa-awi’isinoon.
What are the two ways to say you can do something?
- Daa- (preverb)
- Just use the verb, and “can” is implied (eg. say “I hear you” to mean “I can hear you.”)
“Can you buy me a Dr. Pepper?”
Gidaa-adaawetamaw ina Dr. Pepper?
“Last time I…”
Ishkwaaj + bform
“Last time I was here…” (2 ways)
Ishkwaaj gii-pi-izhaayaambaan…
Ishkwaaj imaa gii-pi-ayaayaan…
“Until” (doing something until something happens)
Biinish + bform
Ingii-bimibatoo biinish gii-zhishigagoweyaan.
“I ran until I vomited.”
“Not until”
Baanimaa + bform
“We’re not going to leave until Wednesday.”
Baanimaa aabitooseg inga-maajaamin.
“When are you leaving? Not for a long time.”
Aaniin wapii waa-ni-maajaayan? Baanimaa-go wiikaa.
“S/he (verbs) more than me”
Nawaj + A form
“He’s uglier than me.”
Nawaj maanaadizi apii dash niin.
Nawaj gii-ishpaginde apii dash gaa-inendamaan.
“It was more expensive than what I thought it was.”
“They’re a lot older than me.”
Gichi-apiitiziwag apii dash niin.
“know how”
“be good at”
“have inherent ability”
Nitaa- (preverb)
Nitaa-naazhaabii’ige.
“She knows how to play the violin.”
“He likes to eat a lot.”
Lit: He’s good at eating.
Nitaa-wiisini.
“He never gets hurt.” (is inherently tough)
Gaawiin nitaa-wiisagendanziin.
“S/he’s not afraid of anything.”
Gaawiin gegoo onitaa-gotanziin.
“Takes a long time to…”
Ginwenzh dazhitaa ji+bform
“It took me a long time to learn Ojibwe.”
Ginwenzh ingii-tazhitaa ji-gikendamaan Ojibwemowin.
Ginwenzh gii-tazhitaamagad ji-bi-izhidaabii’iweyaan omaa.
“It took me a long time to drive here.”
“Prematurely”
“too soon”
“needs to”
“on the verge of”
“wants to”
Noonde+Aform
“I arrived too soon.”
Ninoonde-dagoshin.
“I kept it.” (prematurely)
Ingii-noonde-zaagitoon.
Nigii-noondez.
I got lazy.
“be sufficient, just enough”
de- (preverb)
“I got enough sleep.”
Ingii-te-nibaa.
Ingii-te-agwaabinaa.
“I just managed to pull him out of the water.”
“usually”
“used to”
iko
“When do you usually get off work?”
Aaniin iko ingoji apii eshkwaa-anokiiyan?
Iko ingii-wewebanaabii iwedi Federal Dam.
“I used to go fishing at Federal Dam.”
“rarely”
“not often”
wewiikaa
“We don’t hear it that much.”
Wewiikaa ninoodaamin.
What two ways can you say “ever”?
- wiikaa “ever, late”
- onji- “ever, happen to, been doing”
“Have you ever heard it before?”
Wiikaa na gigii-noondaan?
“I arrived late.”
Wiikaa ingii-pi-dagoshin.
“Have you seen your mom lately?”
Gidoonji-waabamaa gimaamaa?
“We haven’t been going.” (We haven’t gone lately.)
Gaawiin indoonji-izhaasiimin.
“might as well”
“end up doing”
Indawaaj + A form
“I might as well clean too.”
Indawaaj igo geniin inga-biinichige.
“I ended up going to Walmart.”
Indawaaj igo Waamaating ingii-izhaa.
