VAI Negation (Weeks 1-3) Flashcards
What do you add to a VAI verb to create negation A Keyaa?
Gaawiin _____siin/ziin
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Gaawiin nibiinichigesiin.
I’m not cleaning.
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Gaawiin nimiigaazosiin.
I’m not fighting.
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Gaawiin gibiinichigesiin.
You’re not cleaning.
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Gaawiin gimiigaazosiin.
You’re not fighting.
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Gaawiin biinichigesiin.
S/he isn’t cleaning.
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Gaawiin miigaazosiin.
S/he isn’t fighting.
How is VAI negation different if the verb ends in a vowel vs. a nasal (m/n)?
How are -m vs -n endings different?
If a vowel, -siin
If a nasal, -ziin
-m endings become -n before -ziin is added
for example, jiikendam becomes nijiikendanziin
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Gaawiin mashi indagoshinziin.
I haven’t arrived yet.
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Gaawiin na mashi gidagoshinziin?
Have you arrived yet?
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Gaawiin mashi dagoshinziin.
S/he hasn’t arrived yet.
What is wrong about the following sentence?
Gaawiin gijiikendamziin.
“You’re not excited.”
the -m should become n- before -ziin is added:
Gaawiin gigiikendanziin.
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Gaawiin jiikendanziin.
S/he isn’t excited.
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Mashi ina giwiisin?
Have you eaten yet?
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Gaawiin mashi niwiisinisiin.
I haven’t eaten yet.
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Mashi
Yet
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Wiikaa
What about Gaawiin wiikaa?
“Ever”
“Never”
Translate:
Wikaa ina gidizhaa [blank]?
Do you ever go to [a place]?
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Gaawiin wiikaa indayekozisiin.
I’m never tired.
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Gaawiin wiikaa indawisesiin.
I never have free time.
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Gaawiin wiikaa gidanokiisiin.
You never work.
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Geyaabi
What about Gaawiin geyaabi?
Still
Not anymore
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Gaawiin geyaabi nibakadesiin.
I’m not hungry any more.
Gaawiin gayabi niminawaanigozisiin.
I’m not having a good time anymore.
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Gaawiin ganage
Not in the least
No way
Not even
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Gaawiin ganage ingii-wiisinisiin.
I didn’t even eat.
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Gaawiin ganage gii-miigaazosiin.
S/he didn’t even fight.
Gaawiin ganage gegoo gii-izhichigesiin.
S/he didn’t even do anything.
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Gaawiin na ganage gigii-wiisinisiin?
You didn’t even eat?
Aaniin ekidong
My grandma
Your grandma
H/ grandma
Why is the h/ ending different?
Nookomis
Gookomis
Ookomisan
It’s 4th person.
Aaniin ekidong
My grandpa
Your grandpa
H/ grandpa
Why is the h/ ending different?
Nimishoomis
Gimishoomis
Omishoomisan
It’s 4th person.
Aaniin ekidong
Somewhere/someplace (particle)
ingoji
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Ingoji ina gigii-izhaa?
Did you go somewhere?
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jiiman
jiimaanan
jiimaanens
jiimaaning
boat
boats
little boat
at/to/on/in the boat
What 5 endings signal a locative noun? (at/on/to/in)
What ending is used when the noun ends in a “secret W”?
-ing
-ong
-iing
-aang
-ng
-ong
If “Agindaso” means “S/he reads,” what is the word for “library”?
How would you say “S/he reads at the library?”
agindaasoowigamig
Agindaasoowigamigong agindaaso.
If “Ataage” means “S/he plays cards,” what is the word for “casino”?
How would you say “I want to play cards at the casino”?
Agaagewigamig
Niwii-ataage ataagewigamigong.
What suffix can you add to VAI verbs to make them a place where that action happens?
What happens if the verb ends in a short vowel?
-wigamig
It doubles–eg. Aakozi becomes Aakoziiwigamig
If “Aakozi” means “S/he is sick,” what is the word for “hospital”?
How would you say “S/he is sick at the hospital?”
Aakoziiwigamig
Aakoziiwigamigong aakozi.
Aaniin ekidong
In/on/at/to the boat
jiimaaning
Aaniin ekidong
in/on/at/to the little tree
What two suffixes are added?
mitigoonsing
-oons (dim.) and -ing (loc.)
Aaniin ekidong
in/on/at/to my nose
nijaanzhing
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Aandi gaa-izhaayan gii-anwebing?
How would you respond?
Where did you go this weekend?
_____[blank]_____ ingii-izhaa.
Review
What are the niin, giin, and wiin endings for VAI verbs in b-keyaa?
What is the sound change for wiin if the verb ends in an -n? an -m?
–(y)aan
–(y)an
–d
n+d=ng; m becomes n, then -ng
How would you turn the VAI adaawe (‘s/he buys something) into the noun for “the store”?
Then how would you say “to the store?”
adaawewigamig
adaawewigamigong
How would you turn the VAI wiisini (‘s/he eats) into the noun for “the restaurant”?
Then how would you say “to the restaurant?”
wiisiniwigamig
wiisiniwigamigong
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Niwiisin bakadeyaan.
What “keyaas” do you see here?
I eat when I’m hungry.
A, B
Aaniin ekidong
when I travel
VAI “S/he travels/goes around” is babaa-ayaa
What about “when I was traveling”?
babaa-ayaayaan
gii-pabaa-ayaayaan
Aaniin ekidong
when you travel
VAI “S/he travels/goes around” is babaa-ayaa
What about “when you were traveling”?
babaa-ayaayan
gii-pibaa-ayaayan
Aaniin ekidong
when s/he travels
VAI “S/he travels/goes around” is babaa-ayaa
What about “when s/he was traveling’?
babaa-ayaad
gii-pabaa-ayaad
Aaniin ekidong
when I go to the bathroom
VAI “S/he goes to the bathroom” is zaaga’am
What about “every time I go to the bathroom”?
zaaga’amaan
endaso-zaaga’amaan
Aaniin ekidong
when you go to the bathroom
VAI “S/he goes to the bathroom” is zaaga-am
What about “every time you go to the bathroom”?
zaaga’aman
endaso-zaaga’aman
Aaniin ekidong
when s/he goes to the bathroom
VAI “S/he goes to the bathroom” is zaaga-‘am
What about “every time s/he goes to the bathroom”?
zaaga’ang
endaso-zaaga’ang
Turn the following from A to B-keyaa:
Nidagoshin (I arrive)
Gidagoshin (you arrive)
Dagoshin (s/he arrives)
Dagoshinaan
Dagoshinan
Dagoshing
If VAI negation in A-keyaa requires you to add Gaawiin and then siin/ziin to the end of the verb, what do you need for VAI b-keyaa?
When do you use each one?
-si(w)
-zi(w)
-si(w) if verb ends in a vowel, -zi(w) if it ends in -m or -n
Change the following from “when I laugh” to “when I don’t laugh”
baapiyaan
What would “when you aren’t laughing” be? What about “when s/he isn’t laughing”?
baapisiwaan
baapisiwan, baapisig
Change the following from “when I’m happy” to “when I’m not happy”
minwendanaan
What would “when you’re happy” be? What about “when s/he is happy”?
minwendanziwaan
minwendanziwan, minwendanzig
Change the following from “when I get blisters on my hands” to “when I don’t get blisters on my hands”
abashkwebiigininjiishinaan
What would “when you don’t get blisters on your hands” be? What about “when s/he doesn’t get blisters on h/ hands”?
abashkwebiigininjiishinziwaan
abashkwebiigininjiishinziwan, abashkwebiigininjiishinzig
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Gaawiin niwiisinisin bakadesiwaan.
I don’t eat when I’m not hungry.
Make the following sentence negative:
Nimaw gashkendanaan. “I don’t cry when I’m not sad.”
Gaawiin nimawisiin gashkendanziwaan.
Make the following sentence negative:
Ninibaa ayekoziyan. “I sleep when I’m tired.”
Gaawiin ninibaasiin ayekozisiwaan.
What parts of the sentence make the following negative?
Gaawiin indizhaasiin gikendaasoowigamigong minomanji’siwaan.
“I don’t go to school when I’m not feeling well.”
What signifies “niin”?
Gaawiin indizhaasiin gikendaasoowigamigong minomanji’siwaan.
Gaawiin… siin…siw
in-…-aan
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Giishpin bi-izhaasig, inga-maw.
What signifies that it is negative?
If s/he doesn’t come, I will cry.
sig
Make the following sentence negative:
Giishpin anokiyan, gibiigoshkaa.
If you work, you’re broke.
Giishpin anokiisiwan, gibiigoshkaa.
If you don’t work, you’re broke.
Make the following sentence negative:
Ambegish baapiyan. “I hope you laugh.”
Ambegish baapisiwan. “I hope you don’t laugh.”
Make the following sentence negative:
Ambegish bangishinaan. “I hope that I fall.”
Ambegish bangishinziwaan.
What is the formula to say “That’s why…”?
Can you give an example?
Mii [onji-verb] <– c-keyaa
Mii wenji-bakadeyaan. That’s why I’m hungry.
Make the following sentence negative:
Mii wenji-bakadeyaan.
What does it mean?
Mii wenji-bakadesiwaan.
That’s why I’m (not) hungry.
What in the following sentence means “That’s why…”
Gii-kaachimo. Mii wenji-ayaanzig i’iw odoodamiwaagan.
“S/he threw a tantrum. That’s why s/he can’t have the toy.”
What makes it negative?
Mii wenji-[b-keyaa]
zi
What is a shorter/common way to say “Aaniin dash” (How come)?
Aaniish
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Aaniin dash wenji-mawiyan?
WHat makes this c-keyaa? What makes this giin?
How come you’re crying?
o–>we and b-keyaa ending; yan
If the verb odamino means “S/he plays,” how would you say “How come you’re not playing?
you need 2 grammar patterns, including one in c-keyaa
Aaniin dash wenji-odaminosiwan?
Aaniin dash (How come) and Onji- in c-keyaa
What are the two missing Relative roots?
- [blank] - leaves a space for location
- [blank] - leaves a space for origin
- daso - leaves a space for amount
- dazhi - leaves a space for place
- apiichi - leaves a space for extent
- ako - leaves a space for length of time
izhi, onji
If wiisini means “S/he eats,” what would be the command form “Eat!”
What do you add to the verb?
Wiisinin
-n (-in if ends in consonant)
How are the following words related?
giin
giinawaa
giinawind
Giin - you
Giinawaa - you all (pl)
Giinawind -you and me (us)
If Nibaa means “S/he sleeps,” what would the command form “Sleep!”
Nibaan!
If Minwendam means “S/he is happy,” what would the command form be for “Be happy!”
Minwendamin!
If Zhingishin means “S/he lays down,” what would the command form be “Lay down!”
Zhingishinin!
The command ending for wiin in VAI is -(i)n.
What is the command ending for giinawind (us)?
-daa
Aaniin ekidong…
“Let’s eat!” (in Ojibwemowin)
Wiisinidaa!
Aaniin ekidong…
Let’s sleep! (In Ojibwemowin)
Nibaadaa!
Aaniin ekidong…
Let’s be happy! (In Ojibwemowin)
What is the sound change?
Minwendandaa!
-m becomes -n before -daa is added
Aaniin ekidong…
Let’s lay down! (In Ojibwemowin)
Hint: Zhingishin means “S/he lays down.”
Zhingishindaa!
Aaniin ekidong…
Don’t ___! (In Ojibwemowin)
What is the difference between the two answers?
Gego [blank]ken!
Gego [blank]gen!
ken is if it ends in a vowel, gen if it ends in -m or -n (though -m becomes -n first!)
Translate!
Gego anokiiken!
Don’t work!
Translate
Gego zingishingen!
Don’t lay down!
What endings do you add to Gego +VTI to say “Let’s not [blank!]
-sidaa (vowel)
-zidaa (consonant)
Aaniin ekidong
Let’s not work! (In Ojibwemowin)
Anokiisidaa!
Aaniin ekidong
Let’s not lay down. (In Ojibwemowin)
Hint: S/he lays down is Zingishin.
Zingishinzidaa.
