VP2- Health Behavioral Change Flashcards
A young mother is wanting to get an MMR vaccine for her two year-old son, but recently spoke with a friend who discouraged her from doing this because of a fear of autism. She remembered another friend’s son who was recently diagnosed with autism who is her child’s age. She cancelled her son’s appointment because of this. What behavior change theory best describes this situation?
A. Stages of Change, Transtheoretical model
B. Theory of Planned Behavior
C. Social Learning and Cognitive Theory
D. Diffusion of Innovation Theory
C. Social Learning and Cognitive Theory
- The young mother’s behavior was influenced by her social environment. Affirming the fact that our behaviors do not occur alone but are influenced by our environment. This demonstrates reciprocal determinism: the person, the behavior and the environment all influence each other in a dynamic and reciprocal fashion.
- Social cognitive theory is unique in it’s emphasis on social influence on behavior choices and resulting social reinforcement (internal and external).
Which statement is true about the Stages of Change, Transtheoretical Model?
A. One can enter into the cycle only in the precontemplative stage
B. Stages can be maintained or moved quickly through, but not skipped
C. Relapse is most likely to occur during the preparation stage of change
D. Specific behavioral interventions are available and match each stage of change.
D.
Specific behavioral interventions are available and match each stage of change.
- One can enter into the cycle in various stages that can be moved quickly through or skipped. Relapse typically occurs after the maintenance phase.
Maria is a pleasant 55 year old woman with pre-diabetes, BMI of 30 who is trying to lose weight to normalize her blood sugars. She would like to go to the gym three days a week and eat a healthy meal one time every day. She has purchased some new cookbooks and new gym shoes, but so far hasn’t made it to the gym or changed any of her meals. What stage of change is she in?
A. Contemplative
B. Preparation
C. Action Phase
D. Maintenance
B Preparation
Maria is in the Preparation Phase. She is making some changes towards her goal (buying gym shoes and new cookbooks), but has not accomplished it. Once she achieves her goal of making it to the gym three times a week and eating one healthy meal a day, she will be in the Action Phase.
For someone in the preparation phase, what matched intervention would work best?
A. Motivational Interviewing
B. Expert Advice
C. Acceptance
D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques are the most helpful intervention when someone is in the preparation phase.
Motivational interviewing is most helpful in the Precontemplative and Contemplative Phases.
It is always important to accept where the patient is at, but acceptance alone will not help create behavior change.
Which statement(s) below are consistent with cognitive behavioral therapy interventions that could help a patient like Maria?
A. “I know you said you feel like a failure because you didn’t make your goal, but is there anyway to look at this in a more positive light?”
B. “Do you notice any emotions that come up when you think about going to the gym?”
C. “You say this will never work for your family, so you haven’t tried to cook anything new. Is there anyway to get around this?”
D. “When you have already eaten something unhealthy, you find yourself saying “What’s the point of even trying” and then you find your self eating more junk food. Can anything be done to stop this cycle?”
E. All are consistent with CBT
E.
All are consistent with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy statements.
Answers A, C, D are consistent with reframing negative thoughts.
Answer B is consistent with being more aware of underlying emotions and beliefs.
Tom is a 35 year old male with high blood pressure, BMI of 28, and high stress related to his job as a manager. He is drinking five – six beers every night to help relax at the end of the day. You ask him if he has ever thought that he was drinking too much. Tom crosses his arms and says “No, I need them right now.” What stage of change is Tom in?
A. Pre-contemplative
B. Contemplative
C. Preparation
D. Relapse
A.
Tom is in the Precontemplative Stage. There is no evidence he is thinking about changing in the next six months.
What would be the best intervention statement for someone who is in the Precontemplative Phase?
A. It sounds like because of the high stress you find yourself feeling badly and thinking you can’t make it without a drink. Is there anyway you can do to disrupt this cycle?
B. Too much alcohol raises blood pressure and can also be very harmful to the body. Have you thought about cutting back on your drinking? We are here to help you when you are ready.
C. I am going to prescribe a medication for you to help you cut back on your drinking.
D. You are drinking too much and your stress is too high. I am placing a referral for counseling.
B
Too much alcohol raises blood pressure and can also be very harmful to the body. Have you thought about cutting back on your drinking? We are here to help you when you are ready.
Answer A is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy helping patients connect emotions with their actions. It is most helpful when someone is preparing or trying to change.
Answer C and D are examples of expert advice, but not patient centered coaching. It is important for the patient to know his risks of drinking. However, prescriptions and referrals will be more helpful if the patient is interested and has agreed to these therapies.
