Chapter 6 - Physical Activity Science and Prescription

Question 1

Which of the following is not a category of physical fitness?
A. Cardiorespiratory endurance
B. Muscle endurance
C. Body composition
D. Balance

Answer 1

Correct answer = D
Physical fitness includes fitness in the following categories: cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, body composition, flexibility (p187)
Balance is a type of exercise (p188)

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding the physical activity guidelines is incorrect?
A. Healthy adults should engage in stretching exercises for 10 minutes 2-3 days per week.
B. Healthy adults should undertake 300 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week or 150 minutes of vigorous exercise per week or a combination of both.
C. Healthy adults should do strength training exercises 2-3 times per week on non-consecutive days.
D. Children 6-17 years of age should engage in 60 minutes or more per day of physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity.

Answer 2

Correct answer = B
Healthy adults should undertake 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise per week or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week or a combination of both. (p189)

Question 3

Which of the following patients require medical clearance before commencing an exercise program?
A. A 30 year old male who does not participate in regular exercise, has no symptoms and no known cardiovascular, metabolic or renal disease.
B. A 35 year old female with asthma, who does not participate in regular exercise and has no symptoms.
C. A 40 year old male on dialysis, who does not participate in regular exercise and has no symptoms.
D. A 45 year old female with type 2 diabetes, who participates in regular exercise and has no symptoms.

Answer 3

Correct answer = C
A patient who does not participate in regular exercise, is asymptomatic with known cardiovascular, metabolic or renal disease requires medical clearance. (p195)

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding resistance exercise and strength training?
A. Improves sleep
B. Increases fatigue
C. Increases injury
D. Increases pain and disability associated with arthritis

Answer 4

Correct answer = A
B - Reduces fatigue
C - Reduces injury
D - Reduces pain and disability associated with arthritis
(p197 - full list of benefits of resistance exercises and strength training)

Question 5

In regards to the minimum recommended levels of exercise, which of the following is incorrect?
A. Standing for 2 hours a day is associated with a 10% reduction in mortality of all causes.
B. All-cause mortality is reduced in women who had 4 or more hours of non-exercise physical activity a day.
C. Benefits in cardiovascular disease reduction occurred with 10 minutes per day of moderate intensity exercise.
D. There is decreased all-cause mortality among men performing physical activity 1-2 days per week versus sedentary men.

Answer 5

Correct answer = C

Benefits in cardiovascular disease reduction occurred with 15 minutes per day of moderate intensity exercise. (p200)

Question 6

Which of the following is not an exercise intensity assessment tool?
A. Talk test
B. Six-minute walk test
C. Heart rate reserve
D. Metabolic equivalents of a task (METs)

Answer 6

Correct answer = B
Exercise intensity assessment tools include: talk test, respiratory rate, perceived exertion, heart rate reserve (HRR), maximal heart rate percentage, metabolic equivalents of a task (METs) (p202-203)
The six-minute walk test assesses functional capacity (p203)

Question 7

Physical activity has been shown to lower the risk of all of the following except:
A. Breast cancer
B. Type 2 diabetes
C. Colon cancer
D. Prostate cancer

Answer 7

Correct answer = D
Increased physical activity corresponds to a decreased risk in colon and breast cancers. Associations between physical activity and other cancers are less clear. (p213)

Question 8

Regarding physical activity and overweight/obesity, which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. >300 minutes per week of moderate intensity physical activity is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine for weight maintenance.
B. If physical activity is used alone as weight loss intervention, little to no reduction in weight can be expected.
C. In a 2012 large cohort study, it was shown that people who were overweight but achieved physical activity guidelines had no years of life lost compared to their normal weight, physically active controls.
D. Obese individuals who exercise regualrly have improved cardiovascular function, lower cardiovascular risk and less loss of muscle mass regardless of weight loss outcomes.

Answer 8

Correct answer = A
>250 minutes per week of moderate intensity physical activity is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine for weight maintenance. (p214)