LMBR8: SLEEP 1 B P 256-269 Flashcards
Jayshri
What is the following
Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
BR 263 & 277
A1: the main body “clock” or central “clock”. This is a portion of the hypothalamus that regulates melatonin secretion and creates the circadian rhythm in the body. Responsible for the awakening cortisol spike
What is the following
Melatonin
BR 277
A natural hormone that is made in the pineal gland and helps regulate sleep and wake cycles.
What is the following
Circadian rhythm
BR 277
A biological process that regulates physiological functions and behaviors over 24-hour period that aligns with the light dark cycles. It’s also known as the “body clock”. The circadian rhythm is regulated by endogenous oscillators.
What is the following
Endogenous or internal circadian oscillators
BR277
The molecules, cells and tissues that make up the bodies “internal clock”. They produce oscillating (alternating) currents through self-regulating positive and negative feedback loops that produce the circadian rhythm. Endogenous oscillators include both the central and peripheral oscillators.
What is the following
Central Oscillators
BR 277
these are found in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is the main body “clock”.
What is the following
Peripheral Oscillators
BR 277
These are present in many major organs in the body (kidneys, liver, heart, adrenal glands, and pancreas). They allow for synchrony and alignment between the central and peripheral clocks.
What is the following
: Entrainment
BR 277 & 262
The ability to be brought into a rhythm. Synchronization of the internal endogenous oscillators based on external (out of the body) inputs
What is the following
Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC)
BR 277
non-visual light sensitive retinal neurons that relay light intensity/spectra to the SCN.
What is the following
Inputs (Sleep)
BR 277
The external and environmental factors that can entrain the circadian rhythm.
What is the following
Modifiers (Sleep)
BR 277
things that change the amount of “input” that gets to the body’s operators
What is the following
Operators (Sleep)
BR 277
The body’s reaction or response to the modified input
What is the following
Outputs (Sleep)
BR 277
The behavioral and physiological consequences of the operators.
What is the following
Ambient temperature
BR 277
temperature of the surrounding environment.
What is the following
Blood Osmolality
BR 277
A measurement of the particles (such as sodium, potassium, and chloride) dissolved in the plasma.
What is the following
Blue Light
BR 267 & 277
A specific range within the spectrum of light, 420-480nm, 6500 kelvin color.. Blue light creates greater melatonin suppression at lower intensities and shorter durations and has disruptive nighttime effects. Examples blue sky, fluorescent lights
List cultural impacts on health
BR 261
6
1) Sleep viewed as inconvenient or wasted time
2) Functioning on small amount of sleep is considered as strength, courage or
productivity
3) Sleep is intentionally limited
4) Early morning/ late evening may be only time available for focused, uninterrupted
work
5) Night shift workers (20% of workers)
1) The indirect costs of insomnia are estimated at how much/year?
2) What are they?
BR 261
1) $60 billion
2) -Presenteeism (at work, not productive)
- Increased risk of long term disability
1) How many US adults are have frequent difficulty sleeping?
2) What percentage seek medical attention?
BR 261
1) 60 Million
2) Only 10%
T/F: The percentage of young adults who sleep LESS than the average US adult has doubled from 1960 to 2002.
What is this percentage?
BR 261
True
37%
There has been ___________ in short sleep duration in all age categories from 1970 to
present
A) Significant Decrease
B) Minor Decrease
C) No change
D) Minor Increase
E) Significant Increase
BR 261
E- Significant Increase