(Vocab) Exam 2: Chapter 43 - Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

Phase of the digestive process that occurs when small molecules, vitamins, and minerals pass through the walls of the small and large intestine and into the blood stream

Question 2

Amylase

Answer 2

An enzyme that aids in the digestion of starch

Question 3

Anus

Answer 3

Last secretion of GI tract, outlet for waste products from the GI system

Question 4

Chyme

Answer 4

Mixture of food with saliva, salivary enzymes, and gastric secretions that is produced as food passes through the mouth, esophagus, and stomach

Question 5

Digestion

Answer 5

Phase of the digestive process that occurs when digestive enzymes and secretions mix with ingested food and when proteins, fats, and sugars are broken down into their component smaller molecules

Question 6

Dyspepsia

Answer 6

Indigestion; upper abdominal discomfort associated with eating

Question 7

Elimination

Answer 7

Phase of the digestive process that occurs after digestion and absorption, when waste products are evacuated from the body

Question 8

Esophagus

Answer 8

Collapsible tube connecting the mouth to the stomach, through which food passes as it is ingested

Question 9

Hydrochloric Acid

Answer 9

Acid secreted by the glands in the stomach; mixes with chyme to break it down into absorbable molecules and to aid in the destruction of bacteria

Question 10

Ingestion

Answer 10

Phase of the digestive process that occurs when food is taken into the GI tract via the mouth and esophagus

Question 11

Intrinsic Factor

Answer 11

A gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that the vitamin can be absorbed

Question 12

Large Intestine

Answer 12

The portion of the GI tract into which waste material from the small intestine passes as absorption continues and elimination begins; consists of several parts—ascending segment, transverse segment, descending segment, sigmoid colon, and rectum; also known as the colon

Question 13

Lipase

Answer 13

An enzyme that aids in the digestion of fats

Question 14

Pepsin

Answer 14

A gastric enzyme that is important in protein digeestion

Question 15

Small Intestine

Answer 15

Longest portion of the GI tract, consisting of three parts—duodenum, jejunum, and ileum—through which food mixed with all secretions and enzymes passes as it continues to be digested and begins to be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 16

Stomach

Answer 16

Distensible pouch into which the food bolus passes to be digested by gastric enzymes

Question 17

Trypsin

Answer 17

Enzyme that aids in the digestion of protein