Vitamins/cofactors

Question 0

Vitamin required for NAD/NADP synthesis

Answer 0

Niacin

Question 1

Three uses for redox factors

Answer 1

Detoxification
Biosynthesis
Fuel oxidation

Question 3

This aa can be converted to niacin

Answer 3

Tryptophan

Question 4

Niacin deficiency disease

Answer 4

Pellagra

Question 5

NAD+ function(s)

Answer 5

Fuel oxidation

Question 6

NADP+ function(s)

Answer 6

Detoxification

Biosynthesis

Question 7

FMN and FAD are prosthetic groups/cofactors

Answer 7

Prosthetic groups

Question 8

What is interesting about how FAD is reduced?

Answer 8

Reduced at two different carbons by two single electron transfers

Question 9

Vitamin that FAD and FMN are derived from

Answer 9

Riboflavin (B2)

Question 10

Test to measure riboflavin deficiency

Answer 10

Erythrocyte glutathione reductase assay: measures enzyme activity by measuring beginning activity then with added FAD

Question 11

4 Important functions of ascorbic acid

Answer 11

1. Spontaneous free radical neutralization
2. Hydroxylase cofactor: collagen synthesis
3. Neurotransmitter synthesis
4. Oxygen sensing

Question 12

Vitamin C is a cofactor adding an –OH to which amino acid in collagen?

Answer 12

Proline –> 5-hydroxyproline

Question 13

Describe how vitamin C acts to measure oxygen levels

Answer 13

Cofactor in hydroxylase rxn in the degradation of hypoxia initiation factor. If HIF is not degraded it signals hypoxia.

Question 14

Diagnosis of scruvy

Answer 14

Oral ascorbic acid bolus and subsequent urinalysis for excreted amount of vitamin C

Question 15

NADH is oxidized by what metal ion in complex I of electron transport chain?

Answer 15

Fe

Question 16

3 steps of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Answer 16

1. Binding of pyruvate to thiamine pyrophosphate (release CO2)
2. Acetyl group transferred to lipoamide
3. Acetyl group transferred to CoA