Translation Flashcards
Start codon
AUG
Which end of tRNA contains the anticodon?
5’
Which end of tRNA is attached to the amino acid?
3’
Where does the energy come from that adds consecutive amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain?
Energy stored in the aa bond between 3’ end and tRNA
Wobble base-pairing has what distinct evolutionary advantage?
Allows for fewer tRNAs
Enzymes that assemble aa onto tRNAs
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Which is correct:
A. Peptides are synthesized C–>N terminus
B. Peptides are synthesized N–>C terminus
B
T/F Each amino acid carries with it the energetic bond used to attach it to the former aa
F it carries for the next aa
Where are ribosomes produced?
Nucleolus (not just nucleus)
This ribosomal subunit attaches to the mRNA first
Small subunit
Function of small ribosomal subunit
Match tRNA to condon
Function of large ribosomal subunit
Form peptide bonds
Name and describe three pockets on ribosome complex attached to mRNA
A–aminoacyl (incoming)
P-peptide (existing)
E-exiting (tRNAs)
T/F Only one tRNA can be attached in the ribosome complex at any one time
F, two
Describe the steps in translation initiation in eukaryotes
- Met tRNA is added to small subunit
- Small subunit binds to 5’ end of mRNA, recognizes cap and initiation factors eIF4E and eIF4G
- Small subunit alone moves along mRNA to find first AUG sequence
- Initiation factors removed
- Large subunit attached
- Initiator tRNA occupies P site
- Next tRNA can enter A site
