Gene regulation 1 Flashcards
Trans-acting proteins bind to what part of the DNA?
Major groove
Most common motif for DNA regulatory proteins
Helix-turn-helix
Subclass of helix-turn-helix proteins important in animal development
Homeodomain
Why are heterodimers so beneficial?
They allow for increased number of possible regulatory complexes
Acetylation of gene sequences promotes the formation of euchromatin/heterochromotin
Euchromatin
Methylation occurs at which nucleotide?
Cytosine
DNA methylation promotes what?
Chromatin condensation/heterochromatin formation
What is an “enhanceosome”?
A complex of DNA modulation factors that need to be assembled in a certain order in order to initiate transcription of a particular gene
T/F Methylation of DNA can be carried over into germ cells and ultimately inherited by prodginy
T
How do glucacorticoids promote the expression of several genes at different loci simultaeously?
Glucacorticoids bind glucacorticoid receptors to form complexes that then act as enhancer proteins to begin transcription at the various loci
What type of nucleic acid is responsible for signaling one X chromosome in females to be inactivated?
Long, noncoding RNA
Imprinting:
Jim went bald on his 12th birthday. Throughout much of his life he was resigned to wearing wigs. When Jim had his daughter, Jill, he was thrilled when she kept her full head of hair throughout childhood. However Jill became a geneticist and found that Jim’s condition (12th birthday hair loss syndrome) is a paternally imprinted gene. Tomorrow is Jill’s son’s 12th birthday, does she have to worry about him losing his hair?
He has a 50% chance
Hypermethylation of this gene may contribute to the formation of some cancers
Tumor repressor genes
T/F MOST human genes have splice variants
T
Antisense mRNA
Complementary to mRNA (transcribed from antiparallel strand), play role in gene regulation
