Vitamins Flashcards
What vitamins are fat soluble?
ADEK
What vitamins are water soluble?
B and C
Where are fat soluble vitamins absorbed and how?
In micelles (the same way as fat) in the ileum
Where are water soluble (except vitamin B12) vitamins absorbed?
Jejunum
How is vitamin B12 absorbed?
- B12 binds with R-protein in the mouth
- R- protein protects B12 from HCl in the stomach
- Protease in the duodenum release B12 from R-protein
- Intrinsic factor produced by parietal cells in the stomach help B12 be absorbed
What are the functions of vitamin A?
Cellular growth and differentiation
Vision
Lymphocyte production
Skin and mucous membranes
What are some sources of vitamin A?
Liver, Dairy, fruit and veg, oily fish
What occurs due to a deficiency in vitamin A?
Night blindness, growth retardation, increased infection risk
What is the function of vitamin C?
Collagen synthesis, antioxidant, absorption of non-haem iron
What are some sources of vitamin C?
Citrus fruit, green veg
What occurs due to a deficiency in vitamin C?
Bleeding gums, scurvy, aching bones
What are the roles of vitamin B12?
DNA synthesis, brain development
What is a source of vitamin B12?
Meat
What occurs due to a deficiency in B12?
Anaemia
What are the roles of vitamin D?
Calcium absorption in the gut, resorption in kidneys