Knee ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 major ligaments of the knee?

A

Anterior collateral ligament
Posterior collateral ligament
Medial collateral ligament
Lateral collateral ligament

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2
Q

What is the role of the ACL?

A

Provides rotational stability and resists anterior translation of the tibia

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3
Q

What is the role of the PCL?

A

Resists posterior translation of the femur

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4
Q

What is the role of the MCL?

A

Resists valgus force on knee

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5
Q

What is the role of the LCL?

A

Resists varus force

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6
Q

What are the two types of meniscal problems in the knee?

A

Degeneative

Acute

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7
Q

Which is more common; acute or degenerative meniscal problems?

A

Degenerative

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8
Q

When is an acute meniscal problem likely to occur?

A

In a younger patient; often sport related

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9
Q

What is locking?

A

An inability to fully straighten the knee due to a mechanical block, usually a piece of cartilage or loose body

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10
Q

Which is more common; MCL or LCL injury?

A

MCL

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11
Q

What is a grade 1 collateral ligament injury?

A

Pain/ tenderness but no laxity (sometimes called a sprain)

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12
Q

What is a grade 2 collateral ligament injury?

A

Mild laxity but with end point- partial tearing of the ligament

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13
Q

What is a grade 3 collateral ligament injury?

A

Significant laxity and no end point- complete rupture of the ligament

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14
Q

How is an ACL injury likely to happen?

A

Twisting injury, fall,

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of an ACL injury ?

A

Pop sound after falling, immediate swelling, difficulty weight bearing

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16
Q

What are the three examination tests of an ACL injury?

A

Lachmans test, anterior drawer, pivot shift test

17
Q

What is more common; an ACL or PCL injury?

A

ACL