Brick wall model of skin

Question 1

What are the three layers of the skin?

Answer 1

Epidermis, dermis, subcutis

Question 2

What are the five layers of the epidermis?

Answer 2

Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 3

How is NMF produced?

Answer 3

Profilaggrin-> filaggrin -> NMF

Question 4

Where is NMF found?

Answer 4

In swelled corneocytes

Question 5

What does NMF do?

Answer 5

Moisturize the skin and maintain the acidic environment at the stratum corneum

Question 6

What is desquamation?

Answer 6

When mature corneocytes shed from the surface of the stratum corneum

Question 7

What connects adjacent corneocytes?

Answer 7

Corneodesmosomes

Question 8

What surrounds the corneocytes?

Answer 8

Cornified envolope

Question 9

What surrounds the cornified envolope?

Answer 9

lipid lamellae

Question 10

What is the role of the lipid lemellae?

Answer 10

Keeps water inside the cells, and helps irritants and allergens to bounce off the skin surface

Question 11

What is the role of the stratum corneum?

Answer 11

Barrier to penetrating allergens and irritants, and prevents water loss

Question 12

What is the role of vitamin D within the skin?

Answer 12

Produces anti-microbial peptides for defending skin from bacteria and viruses

Question 13

What are the 3 signs of inflammation?

Answer 13

Red, itchy, dry

Question 14

What is the cause of red skin?

Answer 14

Lymphocyte activity causing dilation of blood vessels

Question 15

What is the cause of itchy skin?

Answer 15

Stimulation of nerves

Question 16

What is the cause of dry skin?

Answer 16

Skin cells leaking, no H2O retention

Question 17

What is the normal skin pH?

Answer 17

5.5

Question 18

What do sebaceous glands produce?

Answer 18

Sebum

Question 19

What is the term for when products cause acne?

Answer 19

Cosmetically induced acne