MSK anatomy Flashcards
What is the arm?
Everything between the shoulder and elbow joints
What is the forearm?
Everything between the elbow and wrist joints
What is the hand?
Everything distal to the wrist
What is the movement of the humerus?
Can be rotated medially and laterally around a vertical axis
What is an origin?
An attachment site that doesn’t move during contraction
What is an insertion?
An attachment site that moves during contraction
What are the movements for every 3 degrees of abduction of the arm?
2 degrees of abduction in shoulder and 1 degrees of rotation of scapula
What are the borders of the scapula?
Medial
Inferolateral
Superior
What is the origin of the trapezius?
Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line of occipital bone, spine of all thoracic vertebra
What is the insertion of the trapezius?
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion process, Medial end of spine of scapula
What is the innervation of the trapezius?
Accessory nerve; CN XI
What is the action of the trapezius?
Upper fibres elevate scapula, Middle fibres retract scapula, Lower fibres depress scapula
What is the origin of latissimus dorsi?
Posterior part of iliac crest, lumbar fascia, spines of lower 6 T vertebrae, lower 3 ribs
What is the insertion of latissimus dorsi?
Tendon wraps around lower border of teres major, inserts onto floor of bicipital groove of humerus
What is the innervation of latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve (branch of posterior cord of brachial plexus)
What is the action of latissimus dorsi?
Adducts arm and shoulder (Rings a bell ;))))
What is the origin of the levator scapulae?
Transverse processes of upper four cervical vertibrae
What is the insertion of levator scapulae?
Medial border of scapula opposite supraspinous fossa
What is the innervation of lavator scapulae?
Dorsal scapula nerve (C5)
What is the action of levator scapulae?
Elevates scapula
What is the origin of rhomboid major?
T2-5 spines
What is the origin of rhomboid minor?
lower part of ligamentum nuchae and spines of C7 and T1
What is the insertion of rhomboid minor?
Medial border of scaupula opposite root of spine
What is the insertion of rhomboid major?
Medial border of scapula opposite infraspinous fossa
What is the innervation of rhomboid major and minor?
Dorsal scapula nerve
What is the action of rhomboid major and minor?
Retracts and rotates scapula
What is the attachment of the deltoid?
Anterior; lateral 1/3 of medial border of clavical
Middle; lateral border of acromion process
Posterior; lower border of spine of scapula
What is the insertion of deltoid?
Fibres converge and insert onto deltoid tuberosity on middle of lateral surface of shaft of humerus
What is the innervation of the deltoid?
Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)
What is the action of the deltoid?
Abducts arm past 15 degrees. Anterior fibres flex arm at shoulder. Middle fibres abduct arm. Posterior fibres extend arm at shoulder
What is the attachment of teres major?
Lower 1/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula
What is the insertion of teres major?
Medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus
What is the innervation of teres major?
Subscapular nerve (C6-C7)
What is the action of teres major?
Adducts and medially rotates arm
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
What is the origin of supraspinatus?
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the attachment of supraspinatus?
Superior greater tubercle
What is the innervation of supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
What is the action of supraspinatus?
Abducts arm up to 15 degrees
What is the origin of infraspinatus?
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
What is the attachment of infraspinatus?
Posterior greater tubercle
What is the innervation of infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve