Vit D & E Flashcards

1
Q

Vitamin E

A

a-tocopherol

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2
Q

Vitamin E - Biological functions

A
  • Major lipophilic antioxidant in humans
  • Prevents lipid peroxidation
  • Modulates gene regulation
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3
Q

Vitamin E - Health benefits

A
  • May prevent age-related diseases
  • skin aging
  • prostate cancer
  • neurodegeneration
  • cataract
  • adult macular degeneration (AMD)
  • heart disease
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4
Q

Lipid peroxidation in the cell membrane

A

a-tocopherol reduce Lipid peroxyl radical (which greatly
favours the hydrophilic) -> Lipid hydroperoxide , to stablise the fatty acid tail and prevent Lipid Peroxidation Chain reaction (which damage cell membrane)

a-tocopherol is converted into a-tocopherol radical, which the stable radical does not participate in further Lipid peroxidation

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5
Q

Recycling of the tocopherol radical

A

Ascorbate reduces the tocopherol radical and convert to a-tocopherol at hydrophilic side of membrance

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6
Q

Vitamin D

A

Cholecalciferol

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7
Q

Vitamin D Deficiency

A

calcium absorption cannot be increased to satisfy the body’s calcium needs

Rickets
Osteomalacia [Bone mass undermineralization]
Muscle weakness & pain

  • PTH production by the parathyroid glands is increased
  • Calcium is mobilized from the skeleton to maintain normal serum calcium
  • vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of osteoporosis
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8
Q

Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency

A
Exclusively breast fed infants 
Dark skin
Aging 
Covering all exposed skin or using sunscreen whenever outside
Fat malabsorption syndromes 
Inflammatory bowel disease
Obesity
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