Dietary guildline

Question 1

Current USDA food guidelines

Answer 1

Steady progression
# To ensure nutritional status
# To recommend specific foods
# To offset chronic disease
# To promote healthy eating patterns 
# To simplify

Question 2

The eatwell plate

Answer 2

shows the different types of food we need to eat – and in what proportions – to have a well balanced and healthy diet.

#Plenty of fruit and vegetables = at least five portions ofa variety of fruit and veg every day.
# Plenty of potatoes, bread, rice, pastaand other starchy foods= wholegrain varieties 
# Some milk and dairy foods
# Some meat, fish, eggs, beansand other non-dairy sources of protein
# small amount offoods and drinks high in fat and/or sugar
Try to choose options that are lower in salt when you can.

Question 3

Criticism of Dietary Guidelines

Answer 3

Some recommendations are  too ambitious
Some may be wrong
Some may not be appropriate for the whole population
Life expectancy is increasing
Economic impacts
Nanny state

Question 4

Consistency in dietary guidelines

Answer 4

# Maintain a healthy body weight 
# Exercise and energy intake
# Eat a variety of foods
# Consume a diet high in starchy, fibre-rich foods
# Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables
# Reduce the proportion of fat (modestly) in your diet
# Reduce sodium intake
# Reduce the consumption of added sugars NMES
# Limit alcohol intake

Question 5

Bodies that promote guildlines

Answer 5

change 4 life
Food standard Agency
British nutrition foundation
Consenus action on salt & health

Question 6

change in energy balance

Answer 6

Self reported energy intake has decreased over the last 40 yrs

Adults = at least 150 minutes/week of moderate intensity aerobic activity (30 minutes on at least 5 days), OR
75 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic activity, OR Combination of the two
40% of adult men
30% of adult women
Children = at least 60 minutes/day

but diet increased energy density

Question 7

Obesity

Answer 7

49.3% increased over last 20 yrs

8/ 10 in men; 7 / 10 in women
5% of NHS cost for obesity treatment

Question 8

Change in fruit econsumption

Answer 8

Average consumption of F&V for adults (19-64 yrs) was 4.1 portions/day and 4.4 portions in older adults (65+)
# 31% adults and 37% of older adults meet 5 A DAY recommendation 

3.0 portions/day for boys and 2.8 portions/day for girls (11-18 yrs)
# 11% of boys and 8% of girls in this age group meet 5 A DAY recommendation

# Micronutrient status sub-optimal
# Phytochemical intake sub-optimal
# Dietary energy density high
# Dietary fibre- Current recommendation (18g NSP/d; 
Mean intakes 13.3-13.8g/day
# Processed Foods eaten instead

Question 9

change in Fat intake

Answer 9

#

Question 10

change in Sugar intake

Answer 10

NMES no more than 11% food energy

Mean intake = 15.3% of food energy

Question 11

change in Salt intake

Answer 11

Recommendations = 6 g day

Urinary Sodium Survey (2011) (n=800)
intake 8.8 g/day = 89% of men and 72% of women had >6g/day

Question 12

change in Alcohol Intake

Answer 12

WOMEN
2-3 units/day
53% exceeded recommendations
24% drank >twice recommended amounts

MEN
3-4 units/day
55% exceeded recommendations
31% drank >twice recommended amounts