Fat for body

Question 1

Function of fat

Answer 1

Structural
- Components of cell membrane

Storage

• storing energy for later use
• Insulating and protecting the body

Metabolic

• Providing energy for the body
• Precursors for eicosanoid synethesis
• Sterols are precursors for steroid hormones and bile
• Transporting fat soluble vitamins

Question 2

Fat for cell membran

Answer 2

Membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, a barrier between cell and external environment

Question 3

Membrane fluidity is dependent on

Answer 3

the lipid characteristics: chain length and degree of unsatration of FA

Question 4

a- tocopherol

Answer 4

a lipid soluble antioxidant

if present within membrane, serves to minmise oxidation of the USFA

Question 5

Cholesterol’s function in lipid membranes

Answer 5

its hydrophobic reaction with FA is essential in maintaining membrane structure and fluidity

Question 6

Membrane also contain a variety of protein, such as [3]

Answer 6

Enzyme, receptors, transporters

Question 7

Body store fat as ____ in where?
How much energy is stored?
Store with/ without water?

Answer 7

store as TAG in adipose tissue

TAG is highly concentrated stores of metabolic energy as they are reduced and anhydrous
[39.3 kJ/g fat; 17.3 kJ/g CHO; 23.6 kJ/g protein]

TAG is non polar, so they are stored without water (unlike CHO/ protein)

Question 8

Typical fat composition in adult

Answer 8

12kg fat; 17% of body weight

Visceral fat: intra- abdominal
Subcutaneous fat: under skin 90%
Small amount as extramyocellular fat ( between muscle)

Question 9

Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of [4]

Answer 9

• Corticosteroids [i.e. steroid hormone]
• Oestrogen
• Testosterone
• Bile acids

Question 10

Cholesterols can be made by body’s cells

T/ F

Answer 10

True

Question 11

How much cholesterols is made per day?

for what use

Answer 11

~ 700mg/ d produced

~400mg for replacement of loss bile salt via faeces
~50mg for steroid hormone synthesis

Question 12

Fat act as carriers of ____ [4] in blood

Answer 12

Fat soluable vit A, D, E, K

Question 13

SFA , MUFA, PUFA can used for which body function? [3 functions]

Answer 13

SFA , MUFA, PUFA : Energy provision & membrane component

PUFA: Eicosanoid precursor

Question 14

Fish oil is an unique source of [2]

Answer 14

EPA and DHA

Question 15

Health benefits of fish oil

Answer 15

• fish oil helps to maintain normal fasting plasma TAG conc.

- EPA & DHA helps to maintain normal cardiac function and blood pressure

Question 16

Recommendation of fish oil intake

Answer 16

at least 2 portions of fish (140g each) per wk.

One of which should be oily fish