lipids and fat

Question 1

examples of lipid

Answer 1

• Triacylglycerols (90- 95% of dietary fat)
• Cholersterols
• Sterols
• Glycolipid
• Phospholipids

Question 2

Lipis

Answer 2

organic compounds with carbon skeletons with H & O substutuions

only dissolves in organic solvent

oils & fat

Question 3

Structure of triacylglycerols

Answer 3

Glycerol backbone with 3 fatty acids

Question 4

Fatty acid structure

Answer 4

long hydrocarbon chain (hydrophobic) with a carboxyl group (-COOH)(hydrophilic) one end and methyl at another end

Question 5

Different form of fat structure

Answer 5

saturated

mono- / poly- unsaturated (cis- [bend form] ; trans- [straight form])

Question 6

trans fatty acid effects on cholesterols

Answer 6

rasie bad LDL , lower good HDL

Question 7

examples of saturated, mono- & poly- unsaturted fat

Answer 7

slide 12

Question 8

The significance of the position of the first double bond relative to the methyl group

Answer 8

1) indicates the family to which the unsaturated fatty acid belongs
2) has a profound influence on their health effects and nutritional properties

Question 9

essential fatty acids

Answer 9

organism cannot synthesize and have to be provided by the diet

linoleic acid and a-linolenic acid

animal tissues unable to introduce double bonds in positions proximal to carbon 9, counting from the methyl or N-terminus
n-3 and n-6 EFA cannot be interconverted, thereby making both essential

Question 10

Omega 6 & Omega 3 structure difference

Answer 10

first double bond at C6

first double bond at C3

Question 11

Features of essential fatty acid deficiency

Answer 11

• Hair loss
• Scaling dermatitis
• Increased transepidermal water loss
• Poor wound healing
• Growth retardation
• Renal failure
• Reproductive failure

Question 12

EFA deficiency prevention

Answer 12

EFA provide at least 1-2% of TE

18: 2n-6 should provide at least 1% of TE
18: 3n-3 at least 0.2% of TE.