Vision Flashcards
Presbyopia
Difficulty focusing on near objects `
Cataracts
The lens become more opaque, and a reduction of light going to the retina occurs. Reduced acuity, blurry, decreased colors, decreased ability to drive at night, distortion, increased glare, reduced contrast.
Accomodation
the ability of the eye to change its focus from distant to near objects (and vice versa). This process is achieved by the lens changing its shape. Accommodation is the adjustment of the optics of the eye to keep an object in focus on the retina as its distance from the eye varies.Three step process 1. Eyes converge (turn inward) to ensure light rays stay parallel.2. Lens thickens to refract light rays more strongly 3. Pupils constrict to reduce light scatter
Age Related Macular Degeneration
Loss of central vision, impaired mobility, reduced ADLs/IADLs, decreased ability to recognized faces and to socially participate.
Age Related Macular Degeneration
Loss of central vision, impaired mobility, reduced ADLs/IADLs, decreased ability to recognized faces and to socially participate.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is not just one eye disease, but a group of eye conditions resulting in optic nerve damage, which may cause loss of vision. Abnormally high intraocular pressure usually causes this damage. Glaucoma can damage your vision so gradually you may not notice any loss of vision until the disease is at an advanced stage. The most common type of glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma, has no noticeable signs or symptoms except gradual vision loss.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is not just one eye disease, but a group of eye conditions resulting in optic nerve damage, which may cause loss of vision. Abnormally high intraocular pressure usually causes this damage. Glaucoma can damage your vision so gradually you may not notice any loss of vision until the disease is at an advanced stage. The most common type of glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma, has no noticeable signs or symptoms except gradual vision loss.
Primary open-angle glaucoma signs and symptoms
Gradual loss of peripheral vision, usually in both eyes
Tunnel vision in the advanced stages
Acute angle-closure glaucoma signs and symptoms
Eye pain
Nausea and vomiting (accompanying the severe eye pain)
Sudden onset of visual disturbance, often in low light
Blurred vision
Halos around lights
Reddening of the eye
Acute angle-closure glaucoma signs and symptoms
Eye pain
Nausea and vomiting (accompanying the severe eye pain)
Sudden onset of visual disturbance, often in low light
Blurred vision
Halos around lights
Reddening of the eye
Diabetic Retinopathy
Caused by changes in blood vessels of the retina. Blood vessels may swell and leak fluid or abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of retina
Diabetic Retinopathy
Caused by changes in blood vessels of the retina. Blood vessels may swell and leak fluid or abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of retina. Symptoms fluctuate, blurry, decreased contrast sensitivity, ability to drive at night, color discrimination. Patchy spots of visual field loss, total blindness.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Caused by changes in blood vessels of the retina. Blood vessels may swell and leak fluid or abnormal new blood vessels grow on the surface of retina. Symptoms fluctuate, blurry, decreased contrast sensitivity, ability to drive at night, color discrimination. Patchy spots of visual field loss, total blindness.
Confrontation Testing
The term “confrontation” in this test just means that the person giving the test sits facing the patient, about 3 or 4 feet away. The tester holds his or her arms straight out to the sides. The patient looks straight ahead, and the tester moves one hand or the other inward. The patient gives a signal as soon as the hand is seen.
Amsler Grid
Tests central vision on a grid.
