PAMS

Question 1

Cryotherapy

Answer 1

Effects: Relieves pain, controls edema, decreases abnormal tone and muscle spasm, facilitates muscles tone, decreases inflammation, decreases metabolic activity of tissue, reduces nerve conduction velocity.
Precautions: dementia (?), monitor blood pressure, poor circulation (peripheral vascular disease), prolonged placement on nerves
Contraindications: vasoconstriction, impaired sensation,
Used for: acute pain, Acute inflammation, chronic pain,

Question 2

Thermotherapy

Answer 2

Contraindications: Cancer, Infection, Acute inflammation, impaired sensation, DVT, pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis
Precautions: edema, dementia, male genetalia, diminished sensation, compromised circulation
Effects: increase blood flow, Stiff joints, adhesions and contractures, chronic arthritis, subacute and chronic inflammation, muscle spasms, sympathetic nervous system disorders, contractures, trauma/wounds, neuromas

Question 3

Ultrasound

Answer 3

NON THERMAL
Indications: fractures and bone healing, wounds, warts, tissue healing
Precautions: acute inflammation, cognitive sensory and language limitations,
Contraindications: Penis, vagina, pacemakers, tumors, Pregnancy

Question 4

Electrotherapy

Answer 4

Contraindications: Pacemaker, thrombosis, over carotid sinus
Precautions:
Indications: Strengthening, neuro re-education, ROM, inhibition of spasticity/muscle spasm, disuse atrophy, improve endurance, orthotic substitution, edema control (Acute and chronic)

Question 5

Hotpacks

Answer 5

165 degrees is standard, Check skin after 5 minutes, removed after 20 minutes

Question 6

Phonophoresis

Answer 6

The use of ultrasound to promote absorption of topically applied medication to accelerate tissue repair and decrease inflammation.

Question 7

Phonophoresis

Answer 7

The use of ultrasound to promote absorption of topically applied medication to accelerate tissue repair and decrease inflammation.

Question 8

Low-level laser and light therapy

Answer 8

Effects: decreased pain, edema, and inflammation; increased wound healing, and decreased scar tissue. Precautions: wear protective eyewear with laser, do not use over vagus nerve, carotid sinus, pregnant uterus, eyes, infection, endocrine glands or cancer.