VIRUSES Flashcards
Chickenpox
caused by varicella-zoster virus
-lesions on back + trunk
Shingles
caused by varicella-zoster virus
-lesions localized to skin along infected nerve
Varicella Zoster/Herpes Zoster Family
causes chickenpox + shingles
Epstein Barr virus
- causes infectious mononucleosis [kissing disease]
- implicated w oral hairy leukoplakia [seen in AIDS patients]
-occurs more in teens/young adults via saliva
German measles
aka rubella virus
- occurs mostly in infants/young kids
- can result in teratogenic birth defects or death
- vaccine is aimed at preventing rubella infections in pregnant women
Rubella
aka german measles
- occurs mostly in infants/young kids
- can result in teratogenic birth defects or death
- vaccine is aimed at preventing rubella infections in pregnant women
Hepatitis A
aka infectious hepatitis
in HAV cases, complete recovery occurs 99% of the time
- foodborne
- no envelope present
Hepatitis B
aka serum hepatitis
-diagnosed by presence of viral proteins in bodily fluids
Hepatitis D
only acquired as a co-infection
Herpes simplex 1
causes herpes infection NOT GENITAL HERPES
treated w acyclovir
Herpes simplex 2
cause genital herpes + herpes infection
virus becomes latent in nerve cells
treated w acyclovir
HIV
ssRNA containing enveloped virus
—reverse transcriptase
-targets CD4 T cells
2 serotypes
Human Papillomavirus
[HPV]
1 cause of std in the US
genital warts aka condylomata
- can cause various cancers
- in women, can cause cervical carcinomas detected by pap smears
Influenza virus
causes influenza
- causes mutations in genes for hemagglutinins, neuraminidase, capsid, + phospholipid envelope produce new strains
- -via antigenic drift (yearly epidemics), + antigenic shift (pandemics)
Measles
aka rubeola
characterized by koplik spots
immunization w MMR vaccine
–due to vaccine, measles/rubeola is rare
Rubeola
aka measles
characterized by koplik spots
immunization w MMR vaccine
–due to vaccine, measles/rubeola is rare
Mumps
causes painful swelling of salivary glands (usually parotid glands)
-humans are only natural host
Rhinovirus
aka enterovirus
cause most common cold
-highly infective
Rotavirus
cause viral gastroenteris
-#1 cause of infant deaths fr diarrhea
Rabies Virus
transmission
via bite or scratch fr infected animal
-virus replicates in muscle cells then moves into neurons + reaches brain via neurons
Rabies
treatment + prevention
T-human rabies immunoglobulin, vaccine injections, + cleansing infection site
P-controlling rabies in domestic animals
cytomegalovirus
causes cytomegalovirus disease
- teratogenic (causes birth fects, mostly hearing loss)
- vertical transmission transplacentally or by direct contact of bodily fluids
ebolavirus or marburgvirus
causes african viral hemorrhagic fever [ebola]
- filamentous shaped virus
- transmitted by contact w bodily fluids of infected individuals
- endemic to africa
