VIRUSES Flashcards

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1
Q

Chickenpox

A

caused by varicella-zoster virus

-lesions on back + trunk

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2
Q

Shingles

A

caused by varicella-zoster virus

-lesions localized to skin along infected nerve

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3
Q

Varicella Zoster/Herpes Zoster Family

A

causes chickenpox + shingles

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4
Q

Epstein Barr virus

A
  • causes infectious mononucleosis [kissing disease]
  • implicated w oral hairy leukoplakia [seen in AIDS patients]

-occurs more in teens/young adults via saliva

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5
Q

German measles

A

aka rubella virus

  • occurs mostly in infants/young kids
  • can result in teratogenic birth defects or death
  • vaccine is aimed at preventing rubella infections in pregnant women
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6
Q

Rubella

A

aka german measles

  • occurs mostly in infants/young kids
  • can result in teratogenic birth defects or death
  • vaccine is aimed at preventing rubella infections in pregnant women
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7
Q

Hepatitis A

A

aka infectious hepatitis

in HAV cases, complete recovery occurs 99% of the time

  • foodborne
  • no envelope present
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8
Q

Hepatitis B

A

aka serum hepatitis

-diagnosed by presence of viral proteins in bodily fluids

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9
Q

Hepatitis D

A

only acquired as a co-infection

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10
Q

Herpes simplex 1

A

causes herpes infection NOT GENITAL HERPES

treated w acyclovir

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11
Q

Herpes simplex 2

A

cause genital herpes + herpes infection
virus becomes latent in nerve cells

treated w acyclovir

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12
Q

HIV

A

ssRNA containing enveloped virus
—reverse transcriptase
-targets CD4 T cells
2 serotypes

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13
Q

Human Papillomavirus

[HPV]

A

1 cause of std in the US

genital warts aka condylomata

  • can cause various cancers
  • in women, can cause cervical carcinomas detected by pap smears
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14
Q

Influenza virus

A

causes influenza

  • causes mutations in genes for hemagglutinins, neuraminidase, capsid, + phospholipid envelope produce new strains
  • -via antigenic drift (yearly epidemics), + antigenic shift (pandemics)
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15
Q

Measles

A

aka rubeola

characterized by koplik spots
immunization w MMR vaccine
–due to vaccine, measles/rubeola is rare

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16
Q

Rubeola

A

aka measles

characterized by koplik spots
immunization w MMR vaccine
–due to vaccine, measles/rubeola is rare

17
Q

Mumps

A

causes painful swelling of salivary glands (usually parotid glands)

-humans are only natural host

18
Q

Rhinovirus

A

aka enterovirus

cause most common cold
-highly infective

19
Q

Rotavirus

A

cause viral gastroenteris

-#1 cause of infant deaths fr diarrhea

20
Q

Rabies Virus

transmission

A

via bite or scratch fr infected animal

-virus replicates in muscle cells then moves into neurons + reaches brain via neurons

21
Q

Rabies

treatment + prevention

A

T-human rabies immunoglobulin, vaccine injections, + cleansing infection site

P-controlling rabies in domestic animals

22
Q

cytomegalovirus

A

causes cytomegalovirus disease

  • teratogenic (causes birth fects, mostly hearing loss)
  • vertical transmission transplacentally or by direct contact of bodily fluids
23
Q

ebolavirus or marburgvirus

A

causes african viral hemorrhagic fever [ebola]

  • filamentous shaped virus
  • transmitted by contact w bodily fluids of infected individuals
  • endemic to africa