Chapter 22 - Microbial Diseases of Respiratory System Flashcards
*Streptococcal Pharyngitis
pathogen
aka strep throat
Group A streptococci aka S.pyogenes
*Streptococcal Pharyngitis
signs + symptoms
- -sore throat, difficulty swallowing
- may progress to scarlet or rheumatic fever
*Streptococcal Pharyngitis
virulence factor
*1 M protein
*2 hyaluronic acid capsule
*3 pyrogenic toxin
4 C5a peptidase
*5 streptolysins
*6 streptokinases
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
treatment
penicillin
*Diptheria
pathogen
corynebacterium diptherae
*Diptheria
prevention
DTaP
*Diptheria
virulence factor
diptheria toxin
Diptheria
signs + symptoms
presence of pseudomembrane that can obstruct airways
Diptheria
epidemiology
- via resp droplets or skin contact
- symptomatic in immunocompromised or nonimmune individuals
*Sinusitis + Otitis Media
pathogen
streptococcus pneumoniae
Sinusitis + Otitis Media
signs + symptoms
S-causes pain + pressure of affected sinus accompanied by malaise
OM-results in severe pain in the ears
Sinusitis + Otitis Media
epidemiology
-bacteria in pharynx spread to sinuses via throat
- sinusitis is more common in adults
- Otitis is more common in kids
Sinusitis + Otitis Media
prevention
no known prevention
*Common cold
pathogen
rhinovirus aka enteroviruses is most common cause
Common cold
signs + symptoms
sneeze, runny nose, congestion, sore throat, malaise, cough
Common cold
pathogenesis
cold virus replicate in + then kill infected cells
Common cold
epidemiology
- rhinovirus/enterovirus are highly infective
- spread by cough/sneeze, fomites, or person-to-person contact
Common cold
diagnosis, treatment, + prevention
D-signs+sympt
T-pleconaril reduce duration
P-hand antisepsis
*Pneumococcal Pneumonia
pathogen
streptococcus pneumoniae
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
virulence factors
1 adhesins
2 capsule
3 pneumolysin
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
signs + symptoms
short rapid breathing
rust colored sputum
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
epidemiology
- infection by inhalation of bacteria
- bacterial replication causes damage to lungs
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
treatment + prevention
T - penicillin
P -vaccines
Tuberculosis
pathogen
mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
signs + symptoms
not always apparent
Tuberculosis
epidemiology
- immunocompromised are high risk
- leading killer of HIV+ patients
*Tuberculosis
diagnosis
- tuberculin skin test
- ID exposure to TB
- false + w vaccinated ppl
chest x ray can ID tb in lungs
*Tuberculosis
prevention
BCG vaccine
*Influenza
pathogen
Influenza virus type A+B
*Influenza
virulence
mutation in genes for hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, capsid, + phospholipid envelope produce new strains
-occurs via antigenic drift or shift.
