Chapter 20 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes Flashcards
axenic
sterile
ex) CNS, uterus
pathogen entry to CNS
- breaks in bones/meninges
- med procedures
- travel in peripheral neurons to CNS (rabies)
- infect + kill cells of the meninges causing meningitis
Bacterial Meningitis
signs + symptoms
- sudden high fever + severe meningitis inflammation
- encephalitis can result in behavioral changes, coma, death
- develops rapidly
5 species that cause 90% Bacterial Meningitis
1 streptococcus pneumoniae 2 neisseria meningitidis 3 haemophilus influenzae 4 listeria monocytogenes[foodborne]* 5 streptococcus agalactiae
*all are encapsulated + airborne (air droplets)
Top 3 Bacterial Meningitis
1 streptococcus pneumoniae
2 neisseria meningitidis
3 haemophilus influenzae
*streptococcus pneumoniae
-top 3 cause of bacterial meningitis
[G+, diplococci]
*-present in throat of 75% of humans
-meningitis in v young + v old
*neisseria meningitidis
-top 3 cause of bacterial meningitis
[G-, diplococci]
*-epidemic meningitis in college freshman
haemophilus influenzae
-top 3 cause of bacterial meningitis
[G-, pleomorphic rods]
*listeria monocytogenes
-cause bacterial meningitis
[G+, rods]
*-foodborne [uncooked meat/vege, unpasteurized milk]
*streptococcus agalactiae
-cause bacterial meningitis
[G+, cocci]
*-acquired during birth [group B strep]
*-leading cause of meningitis in newborns
meningococca meningitis can become ___demic
EPIDEMIC
bacterial meningitis
diagnosis
- based on symptoms
- culturing of bacteria fr CSF
*bacterial meningitis
treatment + *prevention
T-treated w IV antimicrobial drugs
P*-vaccines available for s.pneumoniae, h. influenzae type B, + n. meningitidis
*-individuals at risk for listeriosis should avoid HIGH RISK FOODS
*3 forms of Botulism
1 Foodborne
2 Infant (most common in USA)
3 Wound botulism
*Botulism
pathogen + virulence factors
Clodstridium botulinum
-different strains produce one of seven neurotoxins
