Viral Hepatitis

Question 1

what is hepatitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the liver

Question 2

what are causes of hepatitis

Answer 2

viral
drugs (hepatotoxic)
autoimmunity

Question 3

How many kinds of viral hepatitis are there

Answer 3

5, A, B, C, D, E

Question 4

how do these viruses differ

Answer 4

transmission
incubation period
severity

Question 5

do they have similar manifestations

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

what are the incubation periods of A, B, C

Answer 6

A: 30days
B: 70-80
C: 50

Question 7

HepA: transmission

Answer 7

oral-fecal route

Question 8

is HepA chronic

Answer 8

no

Question 9

is there a carrier state with HepA

Answer 9

no

Question 10

describe HepA

Answer 10

mild form of hepatitis

Question 11

Describe HepB

Answer 11

more severe form

Question 12

HepB transmission

Answer 12

saliva and serum

Question 13

Is HepB chronic

Answer 13

10-15% chronic/carrier state

Question 14

HepC transmission

Answer 14

blood/blood care products

Question 15

Is HepC chronic

Answer 15

80% chronic/carriers

Question 16

what does HepC often lead to

Answer 16

Cirrhosis of the liver

Question 17

What is Cirrhosis

Answer 17

end stage liver disease

Question 18

Patho: what are the 2 mechanisms in all types of Hep

Answer 18

Immune response that leads to inflammation and necrosis

Viral injury that leads to necrosis of hepatocytes

Question 19

what is a way to determine necrosis of hepatocytes

Answer 19

ALT and AST serum markers

Question 20

What are the three phases of manifestations

Answer 20

Prodromal
Clinical
Recovery

Question 21

what manifestations occur in the prodromal phase

Answer 21

first sense of being unwell
lethargy, myalgia, fever, abdominal pain dt liver enlarging
anorexia, nausea, vomiting

Question 22

what manifestations occur in the clinical phase

Answer 22

manifestations will worsen
jaundice (can’t break down heme)
pruritus (bile salts deposited on the skin)
enlarged liver

Question 23

what manifestations occur in the recovery phase

Answer 23

acute manifestations subside

full recovery

Question 24

Treatment

Answer 24

bedrest: to decrease energy requirement
Diet: small meals, increase cals, decrease fats
eliminate alcohol/ hepatotoxic drugs
relief from pruritus

Question 25

What is the post prophylaxis that you can give

Answer 25

HepA/B: gamma gobulins (antibodies)
vaccine

HepC: no vaccine