Viral Hepatitis Flashcards
what is hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
what are causes of hepatitis
viral
drugs (hepatotoxic)
autoimmunity
How many kinds of viral hepatitis are there
5, A, B, C, D, E
how do these viruses differ
transmission
incubation period
severity
do they have similar manifestations
yes
what are the incubation periods of A, B, C
A: 30days
B: 70-80
C: 50
HepA: transmission
oral-fecal route
is HepA chronic
no
is there a carrier state with HepA
no
describe HepA
mild form of hepatitis
Describe HepB
more severe form
HepB transmission
saliva and serum
Is HepB chronic
10-15% chronic/carrier state
HepC transmission
blood/blood care products
Is HepC chronic
80% chronic/carriers
what does HepC often lead to
Cirrhosis of the liver
What is Cirrhosis
end stage liver disease
Patho: what are the 2 mechanisms in all types of Hep
Immune response that leads to inflammation and necrosis
Viral injury that leads to necrosis of hepatocytes
what is a way to determine necrosis of hepatocytes
ALT and AST serum markers
What are the three phases of manifestations
Prodromal
Clinical
Recovery
what manifestations occur in the prodromal phase
first sense of being unwell
lethargy, myalgia, fever, abdominal pain dt liver enlarging
anorexia, nausea, vomiting
what manifestations occur in the clinical phase
manifestations will worsen
jaundice (can’t break down heme)
pruritus (bile salts deposited on the skin)
enlarged liver
what manifestations occur in the recovery phase
acute manifestations subside
full recovery
Treatment
bedrest: to decrease energy requirement
Diet: small meals, increase cals, decrease fats
eliminate alcohol/ hepatotoxic drugs
relief from pruritus
