Pneumonia Flashcards
what is pneumonia
pneumonia is inflammatory problem in the alveoli and bronchiles
where does pneumonia usually occur
in the terminal part of the respiratory tract (alveoli and bronchioles)
what is infectious pneumonia d/t
microbes
what is non infectious pneumonia d/t
smoke inhalation
Aetiology of infectious
usually bacterial (typical) viral (atypical) fungi aspiration noxious fumes (toxic pneumonia)
what are the two different types of pneumonia (in relation to area affected)
Lobar Pneumonia: entire lobe affected
Bronchopneumonia: centered on bronchi and surround alveoli
Patho
impaired pulmonary defences allow microbes to enter
environment is ideal for bacterial growth
agent enters and proceeds to lungs
causes inflammation - pulmonary edema - which impairs gas exchange
why is gas exchange impaired
diffusion distance is thicker and harder to pass through
Manifestations
consolidation fever chills dyspnea sputum (increase in mucus) headache chest pain
Diagnosis
Hx, Px
xray
sputum analysis
Treatment
AB if bacterial
supportive
what is consolidation
accumulation of inflam debris, blood cells, and exudate in the alveoli
