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tagumpay Sa MARCH 2024! > VIBRIO & HACEK & Non-Fermenting Gram- BACILLI > Flashcards

VIBRIO & HACEK & Non-Fermenting Gram- BACILLI Flashcards

1
Q

✓ CURVED or STRAIGHT (comma-shaped) gram-negative rods, ALKALIPHILIC
✓ RAPID DARTING motility or SHOOTING STAR motility
✓ Oxidase: positive
✓ HALOPHILIC except V. cholerae and V. mimicus

A

Vibrio

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2
Q

✓ RICE WATER STOOL
✓ cultured on APW and TCBS (sucrose fermenter yellow on TCBS)
✓ POLAR OR PERITRICUS, FLAGELLA

A

Vibrio cholerae

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3
Q

Increases cAMP; Causing Increased Secretion Of WATER AND ELECTROLYTES IN STOOL

Treatment: fluid and electrolyte replacement

A

Cholera toxin or CHOLERAGEN

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4
Q

Lysis of V. cholerae after injecting into an immunized host

A

Pfeizzer’s phenomenon

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5
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

INABA

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

A. PHILIPPINES

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6
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

Ogawa

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

B. INDIA

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7
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

Hikojima

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

C. JAPAN

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8
Q

Major Subgroup of V. cholera ASSOCIATED WITH EPIDEMIC CHOLERA

A

V. choleare O1 and V. cholera O139

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9
Q

Strains that phenotypically resemble V. cholerae O1 but fail to agglutinate in 01 antisera

A

V. cholera non-01

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10
Q

✓ Reagent: 0/129 (150ug) impregnated disks
✓ POSITIVE (SUSCEPTIBLE): Vibrio cholerae, Plesiomonas shigelloides
✓ NEGATIVE (RESISTANT): Aeromonas spp. , C. violaceum

A

Vibrostatic test

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11
Q

✓ Rgt: 0.5% sodium deoxycholate
✓ Differentiates Vibrio from Aeromonas and Plesiomonas

A

STRING TEST

Note:
NEGATIVE: no viscous stringing ( Aeromonas, P.shigelloides, Chromobacterium)

POSITIVE: a viscous stringing resulting TO A LONG TENACIOUS STRING ( Vibrio spp.)

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12
Q

2% sodium deoxycholate

A

Bile solubility test for S. pneumoniae

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13
Q

✓ WOUND AND EAR INFECTION associated with marine environment
✓ HALOPHILIC
✓ Sucrose Fermentation: POSITIVE

A

V. alginolyticus

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14
Q

✓ “Summer Diarrhea”
✓ associated with CONTAMINATED SEAFOOD
✓ HALOPHILIC
✓ sucrose fermentation: NEGATIVE

A

V. parahemolyticus

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15
Q

✓ GASTROENTERITIS AND EAR INFECTIONS associated with marine environment
✓ NON-HALOPHILIC
✓ Sucrose Fermentation NEGATIVE

A

V. mimicus

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16
Q

✓ Lactose POSITIVE
✓ SEPTICEMIA AND WOUND INFECTIONS involving marine environment
✓ HALOPHILIC

A

V. vulnificus

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17
Q

✓large, round, raised, opaque. Beta-hemolytic (SBA)
✓FERMENTS LACTOSE, PINK CENTERED COLONIES in CIN
✓ eating Raw Fish in FRESHWATER
✓ Aeromonas hydrophilia (“water loving”) most common isolate

A

Aeromonas

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18
Q

✓ White To Pink in INOSITOL brilliant green bile salt agar
✓ LDC ODC ADH POSITIVE “positive trio”
✓ Straight Gram Negative Rods that occurs SINGLY in PAIRS, in SHORT CHAINS and FILAMENTOUS forms
✓ SHINY, OPAQUE, SMOOTH, GAMMA HEMOLYTIC in SBA
✓ OXIDASE: POSITIVE

A

Plesiomonas shigelloides

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19
Q

✓ SMELLS like ammonium cyanide in SBA
✓ VIOLET PIGMENT can interfere with oxidase test
✓ gold standard: QUORUM SENSING
✓ slightly curved gram negative rods with rounded ends
✓ most colonies appear black or very dark purple
✓ NLF in MacConkey

A

Chromobacterium violaceum

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20
Q

Key tests to differentiate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas from Vibrio

A

Sodium requirement and mannitol fermentation

21
Q

Top three that causes nosocomial infection

A

1 P. aeruginosa

#2 A. baumanni
#3 S. maltophilia

22
Q

Present in tap water in HOSPITAL

A

S. maltophilia

23
Q

TCBS: +
STRING TEST: +
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: +
BROTH W/O NaCl: +
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: +
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-)
MANNITOL: +

A

Vibrio cholerae

24
Q

TCBS: (+)
STRING TEST: (+)
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (-)
BROTH W/O NaCl: (-)
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl:(+)
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-)

A

Other Vibrio

25
TCBS: (-) STRING TEST: (-) 0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (-) BROTH W/O NaCl: (+) BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: (-) INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-) MANNITOL: (+)
Aeromonas
26
TCBS: (-) STRING TEST: (-) 0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (+) BROTH W/O NaCl: (+) BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: (-) INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (+)
Plesiomonas
27
Campylobacter associated with gastritis and diarrhea
C. jejuni, C. coli
28
✓ Microaerophilic and capnophilic, motile, gram negative rods that are associated with gastritis and diarrhea ✓ optimum temperature for growth: 42 to 43°c ✓ single polar flagellum= DARTING MOTILITY ✓ Culture Medium: CAMPY-BAP, SKIRTOW'S medium
Campylobacter
29
✓ Associated with PEPTIC ULCER ✓ The natural habitat is the HUMAN STOMACH where the organism is found in the MUCOUS SECRETING CELLS ✓ S- shaped, seagull wings, MICROAEROPHILIC, LOPHOTRICHOUS FLAGELLA
Helicobacter
30
Non-invasive test for H. pylori
UREA BREATH TEST
31
HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (+) GROWTH @ 42°C: (+) GROWTH @ 25°C: (-) UREASE: (-) NALIDIXIC ACID: SUSCEPTIBLE CEPHALOTIN: RESISTANT
C. jejuni subsp. jejuni
32
HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (-) GROWTH @ 42°C: (-) GROWTH @ 25°C: (+) UREASE: (-) NALIDIXIC ACID: RESISTANT CEPHALOTIN: SUSCEPTIBLE
C. fetus subsp. fetus
33
HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (-) GROWTH @ 42°C: (+) GROWTH @ 25°C: (-) UREASE: (+) NALIDIXIC ACID: RESISTANT CEPHALOTIN: SENSITIVE
H.pylori
34
✓ Obligate aerobe ✓ Motile and Rod Shape, polar flagellum ✓ Sweet or Grape Like or Corn Taco Like ODOR
P.aeruginosa
35
✓ Grows well @37°C, its growth @ 42°C will differentiate it from other Pseudomonas sp. ✓ Oxidase POSITIVE ✓ DOES NOT ferment carbohydrates ✓ TSI: K/K or K/NC
P. aeruginosa
36
✓ Produces infection of wound and burns giving rise to BLUE-GREEN PUS ✓ causes Meningitis, UTI, Pneumonia, Sepsis ✓ mild otitis external or media= SWIMMERS EAR ✓ Resistant To A Number Of Disinfectants and has been responsible for SERIOUS NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS ✓ Skin lesion: ecthyma gangrenosum, Jacuzzi hot tub/ Whirlpool dermatitis
S. aeruginosa
37
Causes GLANDERS a disease of horses and similar animals transmissible to humans Horses: pulmonary involvement Humans: fatal, begin as ulcer of skin and mucous membrane followed by lymphangitis and sepsis Non motile
Burkholderia mallei
38
Causes MELIODOSIS (Vietnamese Time Bomb), an endemic glanders like disease of animals and humans ✓DEEP PINK, WRINKLED COLONIES IN ASHDOWN MEDIUM; ✓SMOOTH-WRINKLED= BAP ✓BIPOLAR STAINING IN GRAM STAIN ✓EARTHY ODOR
Burkholderia pseudomallei
39
✓ Oxidase and LDC POSITIVE ✓ Motility: LOPHOTRICHOUS ✓ PC agar: PINK COLONY ✓ Earthy or Dirt like odor ✓ Causes: Heart Valve Endocarditis, FOOT ROT IN HUMANS ✓ SECOND MOST COMMON RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN CF
Burkholderia cepacia
40
✓ TSI: K/K ✓ CPON ✓ NON-MOTILE ✓ DRUG RESISTANT ✓ MaC= Purple Colony Associated disases: UTI, WOUND, DIARRHEA
Acinetobacter spp
41
MOTILITY: (-) OXIDASE: (-) CATALASE: (+) LDC: (-)
Acinetobacter
42
MOTILITY: (+) OXIDASE: (-) CATALASE: (+) LDC: (+)
S. maltophilia
43
MOTILITY: (+) OXIDASE: (+) CATALASE: (+) LDC: (-)
Pseudomonas
44
Oxidizer, growth @42°C
Acinetobacter baumanni
45
Non-oxidizer
Acinetobacter iwoffi
46
✓Third most common nosocomial infection ✓Old name: Xanthromonas ✓Oxidase: Negative ✓DNAse: Positive ✓LDC: Positive ✓ strong oxidizer of Maltose ✓ LAVENDER GREEN colony ✓ AMMONIA LIKE ODOR ✓ TSA= Yellow pigment ✓ causes WOUND INFECTION (farming equipment)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
47
✓ Oxidase, Catalase: POSITIVE ✓ urease: NEGATIVE ✓ Motility: Peritrichous ✓ Apple-like "fruity" odor ✓ Assacharolytic ✓ Asso. Infections and Disease: UTI, WOUND, DIARRHEA
Alkaligenes faecalis
48
Oxidase, DNAse, Gelatin Hydrolysis, Indole(+) Non-motile MaC(-) Produces yellow Pigment (flavin) Asso. With SEPSIS NEONATAL MENINGITIS
Chryseobacterium (Flavobacterium) meningosepticum

tagumpay Sa MARCH 2024! (19 decks)

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