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tagumpay Sa MARCH 2024! > VIBRIO & HACEK & Non-Fermenting Gram- BACILLI > Flashcards

VIBRIO & HACEK & Non-Fermenting Gram- BACILLI Flashcards

1
Q

✓ CURVED or STRAIGHT (comma-shaped) gram-negative rods, ALKALIPHILIC
✓ RAPID DARTING motility or SHOOTING STAR motility
✓ Oxidase: positive
✓ HALOPHILIC except V. cholerae and V. mimicus

A

Vibrio

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2
Q

✓ RICE WATER STOOL
✓ cultured on APW and TCBS (sucrose fermenter yellow on TCBS)
✓ POLAR OR PERITRICUS, FLAGELLA

A

Vibrio cholerae

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3
Q

Increases cAMP; Causing Increased Secretion Of WATER AND ELECTROLYTES IN STOOL

Treatment: fluid and electrolyte replacement

A

Cholera toxin or CHOLERAGEN

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4
Q

Lysis of V. cholerae after injecting into an immunized host

A

Pfeizzer’s phenomenon

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5
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

INABA

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

A. PHILIPPINES

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6
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

Ogawa

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

B. INDIA

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7
Q

Serogroups/Serotype:

Hikojima

A. PHILIPPINES
B. INDIA
C. JAPAN

A

C. JAPAN

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8
Q

Major Subgroup of V. cholera ASSOCIATED WITH EPIDEMIC CHOLERA

A

V. choleare O1 and V. cholera O139

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9
Q

Strains that phenotypically resemble V. cholerae O1 but fail to agglutinate in 01 antisera

A

V. cholera non-01

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10
Q

✓ Reagent: 0/129 (150ug) impregnated disks
✓ POSITIVE (SUSCEPTIBLE): Vibrio cholerae, Plesiomonas shigelloides
✓ NEGATIVE (RESISTANT): Aeromonas spp. , C. violaceum

A

Vibrostatic test

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11
Q

✓ Rgt: 0.5% sodium deoxycholate
✓ Differentiates Vibrio from Aeromonas and Plesiomonas

A

STRING TEST

Note:
NEGATIVE: no viscous stringing ( Aeromonas, P.shigelloides, Chromobacterium)

POSITIVE: a viscous stringing resulting TO A LONG TENACIOUS STRING ( Vibrio spp.)

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12
Q

2% sodium deoxycholate

A

Bile solubility test for S. pneumoniae

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13
Q

✓ WOUND AND EAR INFECTION associated with marine environment
✓ HALOPHILIC
✓ Sucrose Fermentation: POSITIVE

A

V. alginolyticus

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14
Q

✓ “Summer Diarrhea”
✓ associated with CONTAMINATED SEAFOOD
✓ HALOPHILIC
✓ sucrose fermentation: NEGATIVE

A

V. parahemolyticus

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15
Q

✓ GASTROENTERITIS AND EAR INFECTIONS associated with marine environment
✓ NON-HALOPHILIC
✓ Sucrose Fermentation NEGATIVE

A

V. mimicus

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16
Q

✓ Lactose POSITIVE
✓ SEPTICEMIA AND WOUND INFECTIONS involving marine environment
✓ HALOPHILIC

A

V. vulnificus

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17
Q

✓large, round, raised, opaque. Beta-hemolytic (SBA)
✓FERMENTS LACTOSE, PINK CENTERED COLONIES in CIN
✓ eating Raw Fish in FRESHWATER
✓ Aeromonas hydrophilia (“water loving”) most common isolate

A

Aeromonas

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18
Q

✓ White To Pink in INOSITOL brilliant green bile salt agar
✓ LDC ODC ADH POSITIVE “positive trio”
✓ Straight Gram Negative Rods that occurs SINGLY in PAIRS, in SHORT CHAINS and FILAMENTOUS forms
✓ SHINY, OPAQUE, SMOOTH, GAMMA HEMOLYTIC in SBA
✓ OXIDASE: POSITIVE

A

Plesiomonas shigelloides

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19
Q

✓ SMELLS like ammonium cyanide in SBA
✓ VIOLET PIGMENT can interfere with oxidase test
✓ gold standard: QUORUM SENSING
✓ slightly curved gram negative rods with rounded ends
✓ most colonies appear black or very dark purple
✓ NLF in MacConkey

A

Chromobacterium violaceum

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20
Q

Key tests to differentiate Aeromonas and Plesiomonas from Vibrio

A

Sodium requirement and mannitol fermentation

21
Q

Top three that causes nosocomial infection

A

1 P. aeruginosa

#2 A. baumanni
#3 S. maltophilia

22
Q

Present in tap water in HOSPITAL

A

S. maltophilia

23
Q

TCBS: +
STRING TEST: +
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: +
BROTH W/O NaCl: +
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: +
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-)
MANNITOL: +

A

Vibrio cholerae

24
Q

TCBS: (+)
STRING TEST: (+)
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (-)
BROTH W/O NaCl: (-)
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl:(+)
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-)

A

Other Vibrio

25
Q

TCBS: (-)
STRING TEST: (-)
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (-)
BROTH W/O NaCl: (+)
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: (-)
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (-)
MANNITOL: (+)

A

Aeromonas

26
Q

TCBS: (-)
STRING TEST: (-)
0/129 (150ug) Susceptible: (+)
BROTH W/O NaCl: (+)
BROTH W/ 6.5% NaCl: (-)
INOSITOL FERMENTATION: (+)

A

Plesiomonas

27
Q

Campylobacter associated with gastritis and diarrhea

A

C. jejuni, C. coli

28
Q

✓ Microaerophilic and capnophilic, motile, gram negative rods that are associated with gastritis and diarrhea
✓ optimum temperature for growth: 42 to 43°c
✓ single polar flagellum= DARTING MOTILITY
✓ Culture Medium: CAMPY-BAP, SKIRTOW’S medium

A

Campylobacter

29
Q

✓ Associated with PEPTIC ULCER
✓ The natural habitat is the HUMAN STOMACH where the organism is found in the MUCOUS SECRETING CELLS
✓ S- shaped, seagull wings, MICROAEROPHILIC, LOPHOTRICHOUS FLAGELLA

A

Helicobacter

30
Q

Non-invasive test for H. pylori

A

UREA BREATH TEST

31
Q

HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (+)
GROWTH @ 42°C: (+)
GROWTH @ 25°C: (-)
UREASE: (-)
NALIDIXIC ACID: SUSCEPTIBLE
CEPHALOTIN: RESISTANT

A

C. jejuni subsp. jejuni

32
Q

HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (-)
GROWTH @ 42°C: (-)
GROWTH @ 25°C: (+)
UREASE: (-)
NALIDIXIC ACID: RESISTANT
CEPHALOTIN: SUSCEPTIBLE

A

C. fetus subsp. fetus

33
Q

HIPPURATE HYDROLYSIS: (-)
GROWTH @ 42°C: (+)
GROWTH @ 25°C: (-)
UREASE: (+)
NALIDIXIC ACID: RESISTANT
CEPHALOTIN: SENSITIVE

A

H.pylori

34
Q

✓ Obligate aerobe
✓ Motile and Rod Shape, polar flagellum
✓ Sweet or Grape Like or Corn Taco Like ODOR

A

P.aeruginosa

35
Q

✓ Grows well @37°C, its growth @ 42°C will differentiate it from other Pseudomonas sp.
✓ Oxidase POSITIVE
✓ DOES NOT ferment carbohydrates
✓ TSI: K/K or K/NC

A

P. aeruginosa

36
Q

✓ Produces infection of wound and burns giving rise to BLUE-GREEN PUS
✓ causes Meningitis, UTI, Pneumonia, Sepsis
✓ mild otitis external or media= SWIMMERS EAR
✓ Resistant To A Number Of Disinfectants and has been responsible for SERIOUS NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS
✓ Skin lesion: ecthyma gangrenosum, Jacuzzi hot tub/ Whirlpool dermatitis

A

S. aeruginosa

37
Q

Causes GLANDERS a disease of horses and similar animals transmissible to humans

Horses: pulmonary involvement
Humans: fatal, begin as ulcer of skin and mucous membrane followed by lymphangitis and sepsis

Non motile

A

Burkholderia mallei

38
Q

Causes MELIODOSIS (Vietnamese Time Bomb), an endemic glanders like disease of animals and humans

✓DEEP PINK, WRINKLED COLONIES IN ASHDOWN MEDIUM;
✓SMOOTH-WRINKLED= BAP
✓BIPOLAR STAINING IN GRAM STAIN
✓EARTHY ODOR

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

39
Q

✓ Oxidase and LDC POSITIVE
✓ Motility: LOPHOTRICHOUS
✓ PC agar: PINK COLONY
✓ Earthy or Dirt like odor
✓ Causes: Heart Valve Endocarditis, FOOT ROT IN HUMANS
✓ SECOND MOST COMMON RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN CF

A

Burkholderia cepacia

40
Q

✓ TSI: K/K
✓ CPON
✓ NON-MOTILE
✓ DRUG RESISTANT
✓ MaC= Purple Colony
Associated disases: UTI, WOUND, DIARRHEA

A

Acinetobacter spp

41
Q

MOTILITY: (-)
OXIDASE: (-)
CATALASE: (+)
LDC: (-)

A

Acinetobacter

42
Q

MOTILITY: (+)
OXIDASE: (-)
CATALASE: (+)
LDC: (+)

A

S. maltophilia

43
Q

MOTILITY: (+)
OXIDASE: (+)
CATALASE: (+)
LDC: (-)

A

Pseudomonas

44
Q

Oxidizer, growth @42°C

A

Acinetobacter baumanni

45
Q

Non-oxidizer

A

Acinetobacter iwoffi

46
Q

✓Third most common nosocomial infection
✓Old name: Xanthromonas
✓Oxidase: Negative
✓DNAse: Positive
✓LDC: Positive
✓ strong oxidizer of Maltose
✓ LAVENDER GREEN colony
✓ AMMONIA LIKE ODOR
✓ TSA= Yellow pigment
✓ causes WOUND INFECTION (farming equipment)

A

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

47
Q

✓ Oxidase, Catalase: POSITIVE
✓ urease: NEGATIVE
✓ Motility: Peritrichous
✓ Apple-like “fruity” odor
✓ Assacharolytic
✓ Asso. Infections and Disease: UTI, WOUND, DIARRHEA

A

Alkaligenes faecalis

48
Q

Oxidase, DNAse, Gelatin Hydrolysis, Indole(+)
Non-motile
MaC(-)
Produces yellow Pigment (flavin)
Asso. With SEPSIS NEONATAL MENINGITIS

A

Chryseobacterium (Flavobacterium) meningosepticum

tagumpay Sa MARCH 2024! (19 decks)

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