Family ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Flashcards
All ENTEROBACTERIACEAE is CATALASE POSITIVE Except:
S. Dysenteriae
All ENTEROBACTERIACEAE are OXIDASE NEGATIVE Except:
Plesiomnas
Capsular antigen; heat labile
A. K antigen
B. O antigen
C. H antigen
A. K antigen
Somatic antigen; Heat stable;
Antibodies are predominanty IgM
A. K antigen
B. O antigen
C. H antigen
B. O antigen
Located in the flagella;
Dentatured or removed by heat or alcohol;
Mainly IgG
A. K antigen
B. O antigen
C. H antigen
C. H antigen
RAPID LACTOSE FERMENTERS:
“EKE”
Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Late lactose fermenter:
” Cit Ser, Yer Haf Sa Shi is late”
Cit-robacter
Ser-ratia
Yer-sinia enterocolitica
Haf-nia
Sa-lmonella arizonae
Shi-gella sonnei
Non-lactose fermenter
Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus
Providencia
Morganella
Edwardsiella
Erwinia (plant pathogen)
CAUSES UTI 90%, SEPSIS, DIARRHEAL DISEASE
TSI: A/A GAS+ H2S-
IMVIC: ++–
LDC: +
ODC: +
ADH: -
COLONIES: GREEN METALLIC SHEEN ON EMB
E. COLI
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF UTI IN HUMANS
UROPATHOGENIC E.COLI (UPEC)
- AEROBACTIN: CHELATES IRON
Cholera-like toxin
MONTEZUMA’S revenge/ turista/
Travellers diarrhea characterized
by profuse watery stool
ETEC/ ENTEROTOXIGENIC E.COLI
Shigella-like infection;
Dysentery; usually in young children living in areas of poor sanitation
Stool with RBCS, NEUTROPHILS AND MUCUS
EIEC: ENTEROINVASIVE E.COLI
Infantile diarrhea;
Non-invasive, seen in newborns and infants
Watery diarrhea with mucus but no blood
EPEC: ENTEROPATHOGENIC E.COLI
(EPEC inpant)*😂
Shiga/ Shigella-like toxin;
Most frequently asso. With certain serotypes such as E.COLIO157:H7
EHEC: ENTEROHEMORRHAGIC E.COLI /
VTEC: VEROTOXIN E.COLI
E.COLI O157:H7 on SMAC:
Colorless
Most secere manifestation of EHEC
HUS
Watery Diarrhea
EAEC: ENTEROAGGREGATIVE E.COLI
All E.coli is MUG+ EXCEPT:
E.COLIO157:H7
TSI: A/A GAS+ H2S-
IMVIC: –++
LDC: +
ODC: -
ADH: -
Nonmotile
Urease: +
COLONIES: exhibit mucoid growth, large polysaccharide
Pink mucoid on MAC
Klebsiella spp.
Friedlander’s bacillus
Encapsulated and appears as mucoid colonies that tend to string
A. K pneumoniae
B. K.rhinoscleromatis
C. K. ozaenae
A. K pneumoniae
Prurulent sinus infection
A. K pneumoniae
B. K.rhinoscleromatis
C. K. ozaenae
C. K. ozaenae
Granuloma of the nose and oropharynx
A. K pneumoniae
B. K.rhinoscleromatis
C. K. ozaenae
B. K.rhinoscleromatis
Asso. With plasmid-mediated ESBL’s
Klebsiella
IMVIC: +-++
Carry heat labile cytotoxin, that has been isolated from patients who have developed a self-limiting ANTIBIOTIC ASSO. HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS
K.oxytoca
Infections are asso with CONTAMINATED medical devices, such as respirators;
MOTILE
Lactose fermenters that produce mucoid colonies
TSI: A/A GAS+ H2S-
IMVIC: –++
Enterobacter spp.
Increasingly isolated from community Acquired pyrogenic liver abscess
K1 capsular containing K.pneumoniae
Indole negative
A. K.pneumoniae
B. K.oxytoca
A. K.pneumoniae
Indole Positive
A. K.pneumoniae
B. K.oxytoca
B. K.oxytoca
LDC: +
ODC: -
ADH: -
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
LDC: +
ODC: +
ADH: -
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
D. E. aerogenes
LDC: -
ODC: +
ADH: +
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
B. E.cloaceae
LDC: -
ODC: -
ADH: -
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
F. P.agglomerans
LDC: +
ODC: +
ADH: +
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
A. P.shigelloides
Gained notoriety with a nationwide outbreak of septicemia resulting from contaminated IV fluid.
A. P.shigelloides
B. E.cloaceae
C. K.oxytoca, .K.pneumoniae
D. E. aerogenes
F. P.agglomerans
F. P.agglomerans
- Pantoea agglomerans HG XII, produce yellow pigment, primarily a plant pathogen
Produces Pink to Red colonies due to prod. Of Prodigiosin after incubation at 25°C
ONPG, DNAse, gelatinase, lipase: +
MDR / resistant to many antimicrobials
IMVIC: –++
TSIA: K/A GAS+ H2S-
Serratia spp.
Most clinically significant Serratia spp.
Infection of urinary and respiratory tract, bacterimic outbreaks, septic arthritis
A. S.odorifera
B. S. marcescens
C. S.plymuthica
B. S. marcescens
Has a musty and pugent odor or a ROTTEN POTATO-LIKE odor
A. S.odorifera
B. S. marcescens
C. S.plymuthica
A. S.odorifera
Osteomyelitis was found following a motorcycle accident
A. S.odorifera
B. S. marcescens
C. S.plymuthica
C. S.plymuthica
Asso with renal stone formation
Are motile, Non-LF capable of deaminating phenylalanine;
CULTURE MEDIA: Swarming appearance
ODOR: CHOCOLATE CAKE/ BURNT CHOCOLATE
Proteus spp.
- Renal stone is called staghorn / struvite stone
OX-2, OX-19
ACQUIRED B PHENOMENON
A. P.vulgaris
B. P.mirabilis
A. P.vulgaris
*Also E. coli 086
OX-k
ACQUIRED A PHENOMENON
A. P.vulgaris
B. P.mirabilis
B. P.mirabilis
IMVIC: -+vv
TSIA: K/A, GAS+, H2S+
LIA R/A
Indole -
A. P.vulgaris
B. P.mirabilis
B. P.mirabilis
IMVIC: ++-v
TSIA: K/A, GAS+/-, H2S+
LIA R/A
Indole +
A. P.vulgaris
B. P.mirabilis
A. P.vulgaris
ONPG+
LDC -
A. CITROBACTER SPP
B. SALMONELLA SPP
A. CITROBACTER SPP
Asso. with infections disease acquired in hospital setting, UTI, pneumonia, inta-abdominal abscesses
Asso with endocarditis in IV drug abusers
80% H2S+
50% NON-LF
70% hydrolyze urea
LDC: NEGATIVE
A. C.freundii
B. C.koseri
C. Salmonella
A. C.freundii
Cause of nursery outbreaks of neonatal meningitis and brain abscess
A. C.freundii
B. C.koseri
C. Salmonella spp.
B. C.koseri
Sources of infection: water, milk, DAIRY PRODUCTS, shell fish, DRIED OR FROZEN EGGS, meat and meat products and houshold pets
Cause enterics, systemic infection and enteric fever (typhoid fever)
Motile
LDC+
NLF
H2S+
IMVIC -+-+
TSIA: K/A H2S+
A. C.freundii
B. C.koseri
C. Salmonella spp
C. Salmonella spp.
Associated with Typhoid fever
IMVIC: -+–
TSIA: K/A GAS- H2S+
Black colonies with metallic sheen on BSA/ Bismuth sulfite Agar
A. Salmonella serotype Typhi
B. Salmonella serotype Enteriditis
A. Salmonella serotype Typhi
Associated with infections acquired from the ingestion of EGGS OR CHICKENS
A. Salmonella serotype Typhi
B. Salmonella serotype Enteriditis
B. Salmonella serotype Enteriditis
tube dilation aggl’n test:
Widal’s test
In Widal’s test, at least 2 serum specimens obtained at intervals of ____-____ days, are needed to prove a rise in antibidy titer
A. 5-8 days
B. 6-9 days
C. 7-10 days
D. 8-11 days
C. 7-10 days
High or rising titer of O>1:160 suggest _____ infection is present
A. Past
B. Active
B. Active
High titer of H>1:160 suggest _____ infection
A. Past
B. Active
A. Past
IMVIC:-+–
Nonmotile
Lysine decarboxylase -
Citrate -
Malonate-
H2S -
Non- LF
Gram Neg Rods that grow well on MacConkey agar
A. Yersinia spp.
B. Shigella spp.
C. Pseudomonas spp.
B. Shigella spp.
Group A:
Catalase -
ONPG -
MANNITOL -
A. S. boydii
B. S. dysentriae
C. S. flexneri
D. S. sonnei
B. S. dysentriae
Group B
Catalase +
ONPG -
MANNITOL +
A. S. boydii
B. S. dysentriae
C. S. flexneri
D. S. sonnei
C. S. flexneri
Group C:
Catalase +
ONPG -
MANNITOL +
A. S. boydii
B. S. dysentriae
C. S. flexneri
D. S. sonnei
A. S. boydii
Group D
Catalase +
ONPG +, LATE LF
MANNITOL +
A. S. boydii
B. S. dysentriae
C. S. flexneri
D. S. sonnei
D. S. sonnei
Gram Negative Rods exhibit an unusual BIPOLAR STAINING ( weison stain)
Catalase -
Oxidase -
Indole +
Non-LF
Facultative anaerobes capable of growth at temp. Ranging from 4°C to 43°C
A. Yersinia spp.
B. Shigella spp.
C. Pseudomonas spp.
A. Yersinia spp.
- REMEMBER!
“ BIPOLAR si BAY”
B-urkholderia
A-. actinomycetemcomitans
Y- ersinia
Most commonly transmitted by the BITE of an infected rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopsis) resulting in BUBONIC PLAGUE; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE
Bioterrorism, NOT included in ENTEROBACTERIACEAE termed as “BLACK DEATH”
broth culture: exhibit a STALACTITE PATTERN
Inclusion: BIPOLAR Stain
Stain: wayson stain ( SAFETY PIN APPEARANCE)
A. Y. pseudotuberculosis
B. Y. enterocolitica
C. Y. Pestis
C. Y. Pestis
Found in GI Tract of Swine, Rodents, Dogs
Can cause acute mesenteric lymphadenitis, which may present as APPENDICITIS
ENTEROCOLITIS: FEVER DIARRHEA AND ABDOMINAL PAIN (appendicitis like)
Culture: CIN (BULLSEYE appearance)
UREASE POSITIVE!
MOTILE AT ROOM TEMP
NON-MOTILE AT 37°C
A. Y. pseudotuberculosis
B. Y. enterocolitica
C. Y. Pestis
B. Y. enterocolitica
Found in variety of wild and domesticated animals including Rodents, Birds and Rabbits
Infection similar to Y.enterocolitica but less common
A. Y. pseudotuberculosis
B. Y. enterocolitica
C. Y. Pestis
A. Y. pseudotuberculosis
Most common cause of death associated with BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF PACKED RBC
A. Y. pseudotuberculosis
B. Y. enterocolitica
C. Y. Pestis
B. Y. enterocolitica
*CIN AGAR / YERSINIA SELECTIVE AGAR
Bull’s neck INFECTION:
A. Y.enterocolitica
B. Enterobacter
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. E.histolytica
E. C.diphteriae
E. C.diphteriae
Bull’s eye RASH (Erythema chronicum migrans):
A. Y.enterocolitica
B. Enterobacter
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. E.histolytica
E. C.diphteriae
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
Bull’s eye AMOEBA:
A. Y.enterocolitica
B. Enterobacter
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. E.histolytica
E. C.diphteriae
D. E.histolytica
Bull’s eye COLONIES on CIN:
A. Y.enterocolitica
B. Enterobacter
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. E.histolytica
E. C.diphteriae
A. Y.enterocolitica
*Also Aeromonas
FISH eye COLONIES on EMB:
A. Y.enterocolitica
B. Enterobacter
C. Borrelia burgdorferi
D. E.histolytica
E. C.diphteriae
B. Enterobacter
*Pink colonies w/ dark center
READ AND REMEMBER!
” SPACEd” = H2S POSITIVE
S-ALMONELLA
P-ROTEUS
A-RIZONAE
C-ITROBACTER FREUNDII
Ed-wardsiella tarda
TSIA: K/A GAS - H2S - “ SPPY”
S-higella
P-rovidencia
P-lesiomonas
Y- ersinia
TSIA: K/A GAS+ H2S- “MCKS”
M-organella
C-itrobacter
K-oseri
S-erratia
TSIA: K/A GAS+ H2S+ “PECS”
P.mirabilis
E. tarda
C. Freundii
Salmonella
TSIA : A/A GAS+ H2S - “EKE”
E.coli
K-lebsiella
E-nterobacter
TSIA: K/K GAS- H2S- “PA”
P-seudomonas
A-lcaligenes
ENTEROBACTERIACEAE MEMORIZE THIS!
INDOLE + “ May PEKPEC Po”?
M-organella
P-roteus vulgaris
E.coli
K.oxytoca
P-rovidencia
E. tarda
C-itrobacter koseri
P-lesiomonas
VP+ “KEESH”
K-lebsiella
E-wingella
E-nterobacter
S-erratia
H-afnia
Citrate + “Pero Sa CHEEKS”
P-rovidencia
S-erratia
C-itrobacter
H-afnia
E-wingella
E-nterobacter
K-lebsiella
S-almonella enteritidis
MEMORIZE THIS!
Rapid UREASE Producer: “PPM”
P-roteus
P-rovidencia rettgeri
M-organella
Other RAPID UREASE Producer: “TPUNCH”
T. mentagrophytes (fungi)
P-PM (grp.)
U-reaplasma
N-ocardia
C.neoformans (fungi)
H.pylori (peptic ulcer)
SLOW UREASE Producer “CKEYS”
C-itrobacter
K-lebsiella
E-nterobacter gergoviae
Y. enterocolitica
S-erratia
